通勤者停车换乘选择行为分析

发布时间：2018-04-24 10:47

本文选题：停车换乘行为 + 通勤者　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着交通拥堵的问题进一步凸显,如今中国一些大城市都在尝试设置PR设施,但实施效果未能充分预见。PR需求产生于PR行为,为了准确地预测PR需求,提高PR系统的利用率,对PR行为研究是十分必要的。通勤出行是城市居民日常活动中最基本的出行活动,而通勤出行带来的早晚高峰时段的交通拥堵已是城市交通最为突出的问题之一。根据通勤者个人特征和出行特征,有针对性地制定相应的交通需求管理(Transportation Demand Management, TDM)措施,对提高出行效率、缓解城市交通拥堵意义重大。为此,本文以通勤者停车换乘行为为研究对象,从选择行为角度研究,分析影响停车换乘的因素,根据效用最大化理论进行通勤者停车换乘行为研究,包括以下几个方面的研究：结合通勤者自身属性分析通勤者停车换乘选择行为的影响因素,重点分析了出行特征和停车换乘特性的影响,主要包括：与PR设施相关的影响,轨道交通服务水平,中心区道路拥挤水平的影响,通勤者到达时间准时性的影响,PR信息共享的影响等。选取SP调查方法进行调查方案的设计,用小汽车最大容忍速度表征中心区道路拥挤水平,实际调查中充分考虑通勤者对到达准时性的影响,调查结果重点分析个人属性和出行特征在不同情境假设条件的出行意愿。对模型进行Wald检验、拟合优度检验、类R2检验,结果显示家庭月收入、出发地、小汽车最大容忍速度、换乘步行时间、到达时间准时性、出行费用和出行时间是重要的影响因素。对比有准时性要求和无准时性要求的两个模型,得出有准时性要求的模型拟合效果较好。对单位支付和个人支付的模型进行对比分析,停车费用由单位支付的通勤者,最关注的是出行时间和换乘步行时间,停车费用由个人支付的通勤者较易受到出行时间和出行费用等较多因素影响。分析速度、出行时问和费用的灵敏度,研究假设条件下出行费用、出行时间、最大容忍速度的合理阈值。根据投入成本大小和改善难度的分析,选取合理有效的出行成本组合。
[Abstract]:With the traffic congestion problem further highlighted, some big cities in China are now trying to set up PR facilities, but the implementation effect does not fully predict the.PR demand generated by the PR behavior. In order to accurately predict the PR demand, improve the utilization of PR system, the study of PR behavior is very necessary. Commuter travel is the most basic of urban residents' daily activities. This is one of the most prominent problems in urban traffic. According to the personal characteristics and travel characteristics of commuters, the corresponding traffic demand management (Transportation Demand Management, TDM) measures are formulated to improve travel efficiency and alleviate urban traffic. Congestion is of great significance. Therefore, this paper takes the behavior of commuter parking and transfer as the research object, analyzes the factors affecting parking and transfer from the perspective of choice behavior, and studies the parking and transfer behavior of commuters according to the theory of utility maximization, including the following aspects: analyzing the parking and transfer of commuters in combination with the commuter's own attributes The influence factors of choice behavior are selected, and the influence of travel characteristics and parking change characteristics is mainly analyzed, including the effects related to the PR facilities, the level of rail traffic service, the influence of congestion level in the central area, the effect of the punctuality of the commuter arrival time, the influence of the PR information sharing, and so on. The SP survey method is selected to carry out the investigation scheme. Design, using the maximum tolerance speed of the car to characterize the road congestion level in the central area. In the actual survey, the effect of commuters on arrival time is fully considered. The results of the investigation focus on the trip will of individual attributes and travel characteristics in different scenarios. Wald test, goodness of fit test, class R2 test, and results show the results of the model. The family monthly income, the starting place, the maximum tolerance speed of the car, the transfer walking time, the time of arrival time, the travel cost and the travel time are the important factors. Compare the two models with just in time and no time requirements, and get the better model fitting effect with the punctual requirement. The model for unit payment and personal payment is made. In contrast, the commuters paid by the unit pay the most attention to the travel time and the travel time, and the commuters paid by the individual are more susceptible to many factors such as travel time and travel cost. Analysis speed, travel time and cost sensitivity, travel expenses and travel time under hypothesis conditions A reasonable threshold for maximum tolerance rate is selected. Based on the analysis of input cost and difficulty of improvement, a reasonable and effective travel cost combination is selected.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

【参考文献】