调谐质量阻尼器在拉索减振中的试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 12:45

本文选题：斜拉索 + TMD　；参考：《河北工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济水平的不断发展,我国的桥梁设计和施工水平也逐渐跻身到世界先进行列,尤其改革开放后,我国陆续出现了一大批造型优美、结构复杂、跨越能力强的大型桥梁,其中以超大型的悬索桥和斜拉桥最具代表性。超大型的悬索桥和斜拉桥不仅设计施工困难,其后期运营维护也存在诸多问题,斜拉索是斜拉桥和悬索桥的主要受力构件,由于拉索的质量轻、抗弯刚度小、阻尼小,所以极易受到风荷载、雨荷载、汽车荷载的激励产生不同形式的振动,拉索长时间大幅度的振动会造成拉索锚固端疲劳破坏,主梁结构振幅过大影响汽车行驶的舒适性。为了控制拉索振动,通常采用的方法有在结构中加入合适的阻尼器、采用空气动力学的设计方法改变索表面形式、在结构中添加辅助索等,这些方法虽然在一定程度上可以缓解拉索的振动,但是也存在诸多局限性。调谐质量阻尼器(以下简称TMD)作为一种较成熟的被动控制技术,在高层建筑和大跨度桥梁主梁上早已得到了广泛的应用,目前世界上许多著名的大型高层结构采用多个调谐质量阻尼器(MTMD)作为结构抗振设计方法。TMD在抑制拉索振动方面具有很多显著优势,比如不需要外部控制设备、安装位置不受限制、安装方便、维修维护成本低等,这些都有利于TMD早日应用到拉索抗振上。当然目前TMD应用到拉索上还存在一些困难,比如TMD的具体结构形式、TMD的参数配置依据等,这些都是工程技术人员亟待解决的问题。在这一背景下,对TMD进行理论分析、有限元仿真模拟和试验研究具有极强的工程实践意义,本课题在对国内外相关文献做了大量调研的基础上做了如下工作:1.了解TMD的吸振原理和数学方法推导拉索-TMD系统耦合振动的方法。2.运用有限元仿真的方法,设计了几种不同的TMD形式,并对他们进行了相应的参数分析,通过对数据的汇总分析,找到了TMD参数与拉索阻尼比的规律性结论,为下一步的试验提供指导意见。3.在有限元模拟结果的指导下,设计了一种可供试验研究的TMD模型,借助现有的试验设备完成了单个TMD的试验研究,通过对试验数据的后期处理,找到了TMD参数与拉索阻尼比的规律性结论,其结果与有限元分析结果基本吻合,验证了有限元分析方法的正确性和有限元分析结果的准确性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of our country's economic level, the level of bridge design and construction in our country has gradually become one of the advanced ranks in the world, especially after the reform and opening up, a large number of beautiful shapes and complicated structures have emerged one after another in our country. The super-large suspension bridge and cable-stayed bridge are the most representative bridge. Super large suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridges are not only difficult in design and construction, but also have many problems in their later operation and maintenance. Cable is the main force member of cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges, due to the light weight of cables, low flexural stiffness and small damping. Therefore, it is easy to be subjected to wind load, rain load, automobile load excitation to produce different forms of vibration, cable vibration for a long time and large amplitude will cause fatigue damage of cable anchoring end, the vibration amplitude of the main beam structure will affect the comfort of vehicle driving. In order to control the vibration of cable, the usual methods include adding suitable damper to the structure, changing the surface form of cable by aerodynamics, adding auxiliary cable to the structure and so on. Although these methods can alleviate the vibration of cable to some extent, they also have many limitations. As a mature passive control technique, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) have been widely used in high-rise buildings and long-span bridges. At present, many famous high-rise structures in the world adopt multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) as the structural design method to resist vibration. TMD has many significant advantages in suppressing cable vibration, for example, there is no need for external control equipment. The installation position is unrestricted, the installation is convenient, the maintenance cost is low, all of these are beneficial to the early application of TMD to the cable vibration resistance. At present, there are still some difficulties in the application of TMD to the cable, such as the parameter configuration basis of the specific structure form of TMD and so on. These are the problems to be solved urgently by engineers and technicians. In this context, the theoretical analysis of TMD, finite element simulation and experimental research has a strong engineering practical significance, this subject has done the following work on the basis of a large number of domestic and foreign related literature research. To understand the principle of TMD vibration absorption and the mathematical method to deduce the coupling vibration of cable TMD system. 2. By using finite element simulation method, several different TMD forms are designed, and their corresponding parameters are analyzed. The regular conclusion of TMD parameter and cable damping ratio is found by summarizing and analyzing the data. Provide guidance for the next test. Under the guidance of finite element simulation results, a kind of TMD model for experimental study is designed. With the help of the existing test equipment, the experimental research of a single TMD is completed, and the post-processing of the test data is carried out. The regular conclusion of TMD parameters and cable damping ratio is found. The results are in good agreement with the results of finite element analysis. The correctness of the finite element analysis method and the accuracy of the finite element analysis results are verified.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U441.3;U446.1

【参考文献】