路面微流域产汇流的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 16:37

本文选题：路面 + 产汇流　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国公路建设的高速发展,尤其是多山地区农村公路的不断发展,公路的积水破坏问题也日益增多。路面水流的侵蚀破坏是导致公路破坏的重要因素之一,因此研究路面产汇流的影响因素和变化规律对于路面养护和排水能起到重要的指导意义。目前现有的学术成果对路面微流域的研究还不够深入。因此本文采用现场水动力学及模拟降雨试验和数值模拟分析相结合的方法,深入地研究路面微流域产汇流的影响因素和变化规律。本论文取得的主要研究成果如下:一、由现场路面水动力学冲刷试验结合数据进行模拟分析得到以下结论:(1)路面流平均流速、水深和雷诺数主要受到流量影响,路面粗糙度和坡度对平均流速和水深影响较小,对雷诺数没有影响。(2)阻力系数与路面粗糙度、坡度和弗劳德数呈良好幂函数关系。由数据拟合所得到的计算模型在试验条件下可以用于计算不同路面粗糙度条件下的路面薄层水流的阻力系数。(3)降雨的打击作用对路面流的平均流速和弗劳德数有放大效应,对阻力系数有减小效应,平均水深和流态则没有影响。二、由现场路面模拟降雨试验结合数据进行模拟分析得到以下结论:(1)路面产汇流主要受到路面粗糙度、坡度、降雨时间和降雨强度的影响。路面降雨产流时间主要受到路面粗糙度、降雨强度的影响,临界产流量则只受到路面粗糙度的影响:汇流时间和洪峰时间主要受到降雨强度的影响,路面粗糙度次之,坡度对两者的影响最小;汇流量洪峰值主要受到降雨强度的影响,路面粗糙度和坡度对其的影响较小。(2)对通过数据拟合得到的产汇流计算模型进行效率系数检验,得出在试验条件下,路面微流域的产汇流计算模型可以用于计算降雨条件下路面的产汇流时间和洪峰流量值,并且模拟效果较好。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of highway construction in China, especially the continuous development of rural highways in mountainous areas, the problem of waterlogging and destruction of highways is increasing day by day. The erosion and damage of pavement water flow is one of the important factors leading to the road damage. Therefore, the study of the influencing factors and changing rules of road surface production and confluence plays an important guiding role in pavement maintenance and drainage. At present, the existing academic achievements are not deep enough for the research of pavement micro-watershed. In this paper, field hydrodynamics, rainfall simulation test and numerical simulation analysis are used to study the influence factors and variation law of runoff generation and confluence in pavement micro-watershed. The main research results obtained in this paper are as follows: first, the average flow velocity, water depth and Reynolds number of pavement flow are mainly affected by the flow rate from the field hydrodynamic scour test combined with the simulation analysis of the data obtained from the following conclusions: 1) the average flow velocity, the water depth and the Reynolds number are mainly affected by the flow rate. The road roughness and slope have little influence on average velocity and water depth, but no effect on Reynolds number.) the resistance coefficient has a good power function relationship with road roughness, slope and Froude number. The calculated model obtained from the data fitting can be used to calculate the resistance coefficient of the thin layer flow under different pavement roughness conditions under the experimental conditions. The impact of rainfall on the average velocity and Froude number of the pavement flow has a magnifying effect. There is a decreasing effect on drag coefficient, but no effect on average water depth and flow state. Secondly, the following conclusions can be drawn from the field road surface simulation rainfall test combined with the data. The following conclusions are drawn: the road surface yield and confluence are mainly affected by the road roughness, slope, rainfall time and rainfall intensity. Pavement runoff time is mainly affected by road roughness and rainfall intensity, critical runoff is affected only by road roughness: the confluence time and Hong Feng time are mainly affected by rainfall intensity, and pavement roughness is the second. The effect of slope on both is the least, the peak value of runoff is mainly affected by rainfall intensity, and the influence of road roughness and slope on it is small. (2) the efficiency coefficient of the model of runoff yield and confluence obtained by data fitting is tested. It is concluded that under the experimental conditions, the model of runoff generation and confluence of pavement micro-watershed can be used to calculate the time of producing and confluence of road surface and the value of Hong Feng flow under the condition of rainfall, and the simulation results are good.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U418.6

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