封闭小区开放对城市交通影响评价研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 06:07

本文选题：GIS + RS　；参考：《天津师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济社会的快速发展,城市人口急速扩张,交通拥堵问题也日益严重。针对我国大部分城市多"稀而宽"的路网格局,我国政府提出不再建设封闭小区,已建成的封闭小区要逐渐打开的建议。关于封闭小区开放是否有利于缓解交通拥堵问题以及如何开放封闭小区成为人们研究的热点。将GIS、RS技术与可达性评价方法结合的思路为这一研究提供了新方向。本文基于这一思路,讨论分析了封闭小区开放对道路通行的影响,本文的主要工作如下:(1)通过对我国封闭小区现状和特点的分析,提出了将封闭小区不同用地性质、几何形态和完整性作为封闭小区是否开放的判断标准;(2)针对封闭小区内部道路、建筑物面积以及地物属性等信息匮乏的情况,将GIS和RS技术结合,研究了通过高分辨率影像矢量化获取道路数据、利用高分辨率影像阴影计算并结合街景地图获取建筑物楼层高度、利用GIS技术计算建筑物面积指数的方法;(3)在获取数据的基础上,基于区域交通环境影响因子、路网可达性影响因子、服务设施可达性影响因子,确定了封闭小区开放的综合评价因子,提出了封闭小区开放影响的综合评价方法;(4)基于所建立的评价方法对实验区封闭小区进行评价分析可知,封闭小区开放后区域交通环境影响因子、路网可达性影响因子、服务设施可达性影响因子以及综合评价因子都有不同程度的提升,特别是封闭区域大且出入口少的封闭小区开放的效果更为明显。通过评价可知封闭小区开放将显著提升区域内交通效率,有效缓解道路拥堵问题。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy and society, the urban population is expanding rapidly, and the traffic congestion problem is becoming more and more serious. In view of the "sparse and wide" road network pattern in most cities of our country, the government of our country puts forward the suggestion that the closed district should be opened gradually instead of building the closed district. It has become a hot topic to study whether the open closed community is helpful to alleviate the traffic congestion and how to open the closed area. The combination of GIS-RS and reachability evaluation provides a new direction for this research. Based on this idea, this paper discusses and analyzes the influence of the opening of closed residential areas on road traffic. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) through the analysis of the current situation and characteristics of closed residential areas in China, it is proposed that different land properties of closed residential areas be put forward. Geometric form and integrality as the judgment standard of whether the closed area is open or not. In view of the lack of information such as road, building area and the property of the ground, the GIS and RS technology are combined to solve the problem of the lack of information, such as the road, the building area and the property of the ground. This paper studies how to obtain road data by high-resolution image vectorization, and how to obtain building floor height by using high-resolution image shadow calculation and street view map. The method of using GIS technology to calculate the building area index is based on the regional traffic environment factor, the road network accessibility factor and the service facility accessibility factor on the basis of obtaining the data. The comprehensive evaluation factor of the open area is determined, and the comprehensive evaluation method of the open area is put forward. Based on the established evaluation method, the evaluation and analysis of the closed district in the experimental area are made. The factors of regional traffic environment, road network accessibility, service facilities accessibility and comprehensive evaluation have been improved to some extent after the opening of closed residential areas. In particular, the closed area with large and small entrance and exit closed area open effect is more obvious. Through evaluation, it can be seen that the opening of closed area will significantly improve the traffic efficiency in the area and effectively alleviate the road congestion problem.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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