广西靖那高速公路景观设计理论探讨与实践

发布时间：2018-04-26 20:06

本文选题：高速公路 + 景观设计　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放我国加入世贸组织后经济得到快速发展,为高速公路的迅猛发展奠定了经济基础,同时高速公路也为实行社会主义市场经济做出了突出的贡献,在国民经济建设中发挥了重要的作用。然而,在走可持续行性发展道路的要求下,国民对生态环保意识不断增强,社会组织及国家政府开始对因修建高速公路而被破坏的生态环境及高速公路沿线的视觉景观日益重视。如何使高速公路在满足车辆行驶等功能需求的前提下,和周围景观环境相协调,并将生态环境的破坏程度降到最低,是高速公路建设中面临的主要问题。在发达国家已经有专门设计机构,高速公路景观设计在我国尚处于探索发展阶段。该研究通过查阅相关文献资料,分析国内外高速公路景观发展情况,总结相关研究成果,以广西靖西至那坡高速公路景观绿化设计实践为案例,系统论述了对高速公路景观要素及其构成等相关理论知识和设计手法,取得以下主要研究结果:1.高速公路景观设计以景观绿化设计为主线,满足交通功能需求(如防眩光、诱导视线等)的同时,能够顺应自然、保护自然,营造出优美的沿线景观,力求打造“安全、快捷、舒适、和谐”的绿色生态走廊。2.高速公路沿线绿化是一个动态的三维空间景观,是典型的“绳结模式”景观,具有点式绿化(结)和线性绿化(绳)两种形式。常规的高速公路景观设计主要内容包括主线景观(绳)和隧道进出口、互通立交及服务区景观(结)两大部分,如何安排各“结”点的景观序列并通过“绳”有机的连贯起来是高速公路景观设计的重点。3.高速公路景观设计在保证道路的通畅与行驶安全的基础与前提下,线性绿化设计重在“势”,首先要考虑公路沿线景观与周边生态环境的协调性;其次,还要根据高速公路绿化的线性特性,使公路边坡绿化、植生带绿化及中央隔离带的绿化保持良好的视觉景观效果;第三,还应考虑高速公路沿线绿化带的连续性及植物天际线的平滑自然。而点式绿化设计主要位于隧道进出口、互通立交及服务区绿化,其设计重点在“形”,主要考虑绿化植物的造型与品种的选择、观景点的主要建筑及景观小品的风格、对景观场所的可识别性、可记忆性的强调等景观要素的处理手法。4.高速公路沿线的环境景观设计、绿化造型设计、植物品种的选择要与当地风土人情、地理环境、历史文化相协调,不能一味的强调景观空间的视觉效果而破坏当地的生态群落。高速公路的景观设计不仅要考虑自然经济效益的可持续性,还要结合当地的名胜古迹和各种动植物资源的优势,使新的景观要素融入当地的环境中,突出当地的文化特色、地域特色、展现本土的时代气息与韵味。5.在广西靖西至那坡高速公路景观绿化设计实践中,充分体现“因地制宜适地适树”;景观协调,注重突出当地少数民族特色,使其具有明显地域特色和景观可识别性。
[Abstract]:After China's entry into the WTO, the economy has developed rapidly and laid the economic foundation for the rapid development of the expressway. At the same time, the expressway has made outstanding contributions to the implementation of the socialist market economy and played an important role in the construction of the national economy. The national awareness of ecological environmental protection is increasing. The social organizations and the national government have begun to pay more attention to the ecological environment and the visual landscape along the expressway because of the construction of the freeway. The main problem faced in the construction of expressway is the main problem in the construction of freeway. In developed countries, there are already special design institutions. The expressway landscape design is still in the stage of exploration and development in China. Through consulting related documents, this study analyzes the development of expressway landscape at home and abroad and summarizes the relevant research results, which is in Jingxi, Guangxi. As a case of landscape greening design practice of the expressway, the relevant theoretical knowledge and design techniques of the landscape elements and their composition are systematically discussed. The following main research results are obtained: 1. the landscape design of the freeway is based on landscape greening design, which meets the demand of traffic function (such as preventing glare, inducing sight and so on). It can adapt to nature, protect nature, create beautiful landscape along the line, make every effort to create "safe, fast, comfortable, harmonious" green ecological corridor.2. expressway along the road green is a dynamic three-dimensional landscape, is a typical "knot mode" landscape, with a point Greening (knot) and linear greening (rope) two forms. Conventional high The main contents of the speed road landscape design include the main line landscape (rope) and the tunnel import and export, the interchange and the service area landscape (knot) two parts, how to arrange each "knot" point of the landscape sequence and through the "rope" organic coherence is the focus of the highway landscape design.3. highway landscape design to ensure the smooth and line of the road On the basis and premise of driving safety, the linear green design emphasizes the "potential". First, we should consider the coordination between the landscape along the road and the surrounding ecological environment. Secondly, according to the linear characteristics of the expressway greening, the road slope greening, planting belt greening and the green belt greening maintain good visual landscape effect; third, should also be tested. The continuity of the green belt along the highway and the smooth nature of the plant skyline, and the point greening design is mainly located in the entrance and exit of the tunnel, interchange and service area greening. Its design focuses on "shape", mainly considering the shape and selection of greening plants, the main buildings of the scenic spots and the style of landscape sketches, and the landscape field The recognition, the emphasis on memory, and so on, the treatment of landscape elements.4., the landscape design along the expressway, the green design, the selection of the plant variety and the local customs, the geographical environment, the history and culture, and the failure to emphasize the visual effect of the landscape space and destroy the local ecological community. The landscape design of highway should not only consider the sustainability of natural economic benefits, but also combine the advantages of local historic sites and various animal and plant resources to make the new landscape elements into the local environment, highlight local cultural characteristics, regional characteristics, display the local flavor of the times and flavor.5. in Jingxi to the slope highway in Guangxi. In the landscape greening design practice, it fully embodies the "suitable local conditions to suitable trees", and the landscape coordination, focusing on the local minority characteristics, so that it has obvious regional characteristics and landscape identifiability.

【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U418.9

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