基于尾气排放的信号交叉口综合评价

发布时间：2018-04-27 05:39

本文选题：交叉口 + 尾气排放　；参考：《北京理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着城市交通系统的不断发展，交通尾气排放带来的大气污染已经严重影响了人民的生活，引起越来越多的关注和研究。因此，将尾气排放作为道路评价的指标，尤其在信号交叉口这一交通节点处，可以更好地解决尾气排放优化问题。本文在总结前人研究的基础上，以信号交叉口综合评价为研究对象，充分考虑尾气排放指标在交叉口综合评价中的作用，建立基于车辆运行状态的对交叉口的尾气排放计算模型，并采用主成分分析法，实现定量化交叉口综合评价。本论文主要在一下几方面进行了探索和研究：首先对国内外尾气排放及交叉口评价相关研究进行了梳理总结，分析了使用较为广泛的机动车尾气排放模型和交叉口管理控制技术对机动车尾气排放的影响，重点对交叉口综合评价方法及评价指标进行研究，为交叉口处尾气排放计算和交叉口综合评价指标建立奠定了较好的理论基础。其次从城市信号交叉口处交通特性入手，，引入比功率参数来描述车辆运性工况与污染物排放因子之间的关系，并给出各VSP区间内机动车的污染物排放因子，利用交叉口处车辆运行状态将交通微观仿真模型与尾气排放模型相结合，建立基于车辆运行状态的交叉口尾气排放计算模型。然后针对城市道路平面信号交叉口的特点及评价指标选取原则，建立交叉口综合评价指标体系和主成分分析评价模型。利用主成分分析法将高维度的评价指标变为低维度不相关的主成分指标，确定其权重系数，并得到交叉口处综合评价值。最后以典型信号交叉口为例，展开模型的应用分析。利用基于车辆运行状态的交叉口尾气排放计算模型对交叉口尾气排放进行计算，验证了该尾气计算模型具有良好的可行性和适用性。同时利用多个交叉口仿真数据对交叉口综合评价模型进行验证，不仅可以科学地计算出各个交叉口的综合评价值，同时还可以实现多交叉口间定量化比较，对交叉口的评价及优化有着重要的意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous development of urban traffic system, the air pollution caused by traffic exhaust emissions has seriously affected the lives of the people, causing more and more attention and research. Therefore, taking exhaust emission as the index of road evaluation, especially at the traffic node of signalized intersection, can better solve the problem of exhaust emission optimization. On the basis of summarizing the previous studies, this paper takes the comprehensive evaluation of signalized intersection as the research object, and fully considers the role of exhaust emission index in the comprehensive evaluation of intersection. The exhaust emission calculation model of intersection based on vehicle running state is established, and the comprehensive evaluation of quantitative intersection is realized by principal component analysis (PCA). This paper mainly carries on the exploration and the research in the following several aspects: First of all, the domestic and foreign research on exhaust emission and intersection evaluation is summarized, and the impact of vehicle exhaust emission model and intersection management and control technology on vehicle exhaust emission is analyzed. The comprehensive evaluation method and evaluation index of intersection are studied in order to lay a good theoretical foundation for the calculation of exhaust emission at intersection and the establishment of comprehensive evaluation index for intersection. Secondly, based on the traffic characteristics of urban signalized intersections, specific power parameters are introduced to describe the relationship between vehicle transport conditions and pollutant emission factors, and the emission factors of motor vehicles in each VSP region are given. The traffic microscopic simulation model and the exhaust emission model are combined by using the vehicle running state at the intersection, and the calculation model of the intersection exhaust emission based on the vehicle running state is established. Then, according to the characteristics of urban road signalized intersection and the selection principle of evaluation index, the comprehensive evaluation index system and principal component analysis evaluation model of intersection are established. The principal component analysis (PCA) is used to change the high dimension evaluation index into the low dimension independent principal component index, and the weight coefficient of the index is determined, and the comprehensive evaluation value at the intersection is obtained. Finally, a typical signal intersection is taken as an example to analyze the application of the model. The exhaust emission calculation model of intersection based on vehicle running state is used to calculate the exhaust emission of intersection, and it is verified that the model has good feasibility and applicability. At the same time, the comprehensive evaluation model of intersection can be verified by using the simulation data of multiple intersections, which can not only calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of each intersection scientifically, but also realize the quantitative comparison between multiple intersections. It is of great significance to evaluate and optimize the intersection.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.23;X82

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