基于交通通道与生活空间二维功能的城市街道空间规划方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 16:11

本文选题：城市街道空间规划 + 二维街道分类矩阵　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统的城市道路规划设计方法由于单方面侧重街道交通通行需求而忽视了生活空间类需求,导致实践过程中街道空间资源配置的不合理以及各种随之而来的交通问题。鉴于此,本文探索性地从内涵定义、指标分析、模型构建等角度,提出基于交通通行和生活空间二维功能的街道规划和设计方法,对传统以车行为导向的街道规划理论进行了有益的拓展,以期本文的研究能为关注该领域问题的交通规划专业和城市设计专业人员带来借鉴和启迪。本文主要研究内容如下:首先,针对当前街道分类体系中重视道路技术分级而忽视街道空间功能的不足,本文提出考虑街道交通通道和生活空间二维功能的街道矩阵分类方法,并以行人出行感知为核心因素选择街道空间评价的交通类指标和空间类指标,以此为基础探讨基于前景理论的街道二维空间评价方法。该评价结果为后续章节中街道空间的优化配置提供改进方向。其次,为了科学公平地配置交通类活动和空间类活动交通时空资源,动态分析街道空间规划与出行交通流的相互影响作用,本文建立基于交通与空间二维角度的街道空间双层规划模型。上层模型以用户效用满意度最大为目标,结合交通类街道和生活类街道时空约束限制条件,实现街道空间配置优化;下层模型为用户均衡分配模型,利用前景理论描述路径选择函数,考虑街道空间配置与交通流分配的相互影响。双层模型利用模拟退火算法求解,得到最终街道空间分配值及平衡交通量,为下文实施政策提供数据支撑。再次,为了判断街道空间优化带来的实际经济收益,给出不同交通流情况下政府的街道空间优化对策建议,本文利用演化博弈论的相关知识,将上文求得的平衡交通流数据带入演化稳定条件中,建立面向出行选择影响分析的街道二维关系演化博弈模型。通过模型研究交通流影响下的街道建设投资评价,得到不同优化成本条件下的投资建议值,为政府决策提供科学依据。最后,以滏东大街为规划对象,验证本文所提出的指标体系和构建的模型方法的科学性和合理性。本文对城市街道从单纯交通功能向复合城市空间转化的理论和实践应用进行了有益的尝试和探索,为后续相关研究的展开奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:The traditional method of urban road planning and design neglects the needs of living space because of the unilateral emphasis on street traffic demand, which leads to unreasonable allocation of street space resources and various traffic problems. In view of this, this paper puts forward the street planning and design method based on the two-dimensional function of traffic passage and living space from the angle of connotation definition, index analysis, model construction and so on. This paper has carried on the beneficial extension to the traditional street planning theory which is guided by the automobile industry, hoping that the research in this paper can bring reference and inspiration to the traffic planning specialty and the urban design professional who pay attention to the problems in this field. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, in view of the deficiency of paying attention to the classification of road technology and ignoring the function of street space in the current street classification system, this paper proposes a street matrix classification method considering the two-dimensional function of street traffic passage and living space. Taking pedestrian travel perception as the core factor, the traffic index and spatial index of street spatial evaluation are selected, and based on this, the method of street two-dimensional spatial evaluation based on foreground theory is discussed. The evaluation results provide an improvement direction for the optimized allocation of street space in the following chapters. Secondly, in order to allocate traffic activities and space-time resources scientifically and equitably, the interaction between street space planning and travel traffic flow is analyzed dynamically. In this paper, a street space bilevel programming model based on two-dimensional angle of traffic and space is established. The upper model takes the maximum user utility satisfaction as the goal, combines the traffic street and the life street space-time constraint restriction condition, realizes the street space disposition optimization, the lower layer model is the user equilibrium assignment model, the lower layer model is the user equilibrium assignment model. The path selection function is described by foreground theory, and the interaction between street space allocation and traffic flow assignment is considered. The bilevel model is solved by simulated annealing algorithm to obtain the final street space allocation value and balanced traffic volume, which provides data support for the implementation of the policy below. Thirdly, in order to judge the actual economic benefits of street space optimization, and give the government countermeasures and suggestions for street space optimization under different traffic flow conditions, this paper uses the relevant knowledge of evolutionary game theory. In this paper, the equilibrium traffic flow data obtained above are brought into the evolutionary stability condition, and a two-dimensional relationship evolutionary game model of the street is established for the analysis of the effect of travel choice. Through studying the investment evaluation of street construction under the influence of traffic flow, the paper obtains the investment suggestion value under different optimization cost, and provides scientific basis for government decision-making. Finally, taking fuming East Avenue as the planning object, the paper verifies the scientific nature and rationality of the index system and the model method proposed in this paper. In this paper, the theory and practical application of the transformation of urban streets from pure traffic function to complex urban space has been explored, which has laid a foundation for the subsequent research.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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