城市路段转向换道模型研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 22:40

本文选题：交通流 + 城市道路　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：因为城市道路上节点信号控制、速度制约等原由造成了城市交通流在路网上的间断性,造成城市路段上多样化和复杂化的交通流特征。为了研究车辆在城市路段上的流动特性,需要深入分析车辆在城市路网上的跟驰和换道行为。对车辆的跟驰行为,国内外学者已经取得了比较普遍、有效的研究,文章重点研究车辆在城市路段上的转向换道。跟驰行为的研究,国内外学者已经取得了比较广泛、有效的研究,本文主要研究城市路段上的换道行为。城市路段上由路由选择产生的确定性换道行为对研究城市道路上的换道行为具有重要意义,转向换道是车辆在路段上主要换道行为之一,同时更是影响路段效率的主要因素之一。文章在总结以往车辆换道分类方法之上,根据城市道路交通流路由选择特性在提出转向换道需求这一概念的基础上,做了如下几方面工作:首先,将城市路段上的换道行为划分为转向换道和随机换道。在假定城市路段渠化模型的基础上,针对车辆在城市路段上的位置将其划分为自由换道区段、强制换道区段和禁止换道区段。推导出城市路段转向换道总流量,城市路段车道转向换出流量,城市路段车道转向换入流量,路段转向换道率和车道转向换道率等理论计算公式。并使用实际数据对该理论推导公式进行验证和偏差分析。之后,计算分析了路由选择对车道转向换出流量、车道转向换入流量、车道转向换出流率、车道转向换出流率、渠化方式的影响。其次,分析了城市路段上驾驶员对路由需求引起的确定性换道行为的迫切程度,将城市路段分成自由换道区段、强制换道区段以及禁止换道区段。分析了实际城市路段换道行为的特征,提出了换道决策点的概念作为自由换道区段和强制换道区段分界点。理论上换道决策点是与交通流状态、速度相关的动态点,换道决策点突出体现了城市路段交通流纵向流动状态,本文运用概率论的数学方法推导并建立了动态换道决策点的计算方法。最后,建立了不同于以往城市换道模型的转向换道模型,模型描述了路由选择在远下游交叉口路段和近下游交叉口路段上,由交通流、换道车辆换道压力状态等不同导致换道形式的不同。模型中分别以自由换道条件和强制换道条件加以区分,更贴近和符合城市路段交通流运动状态。此外,本文对建立的城市路段转向换道模型选取matlab语言编写了城市路段的仿真程序。采取初始数据及规则对程序进行设定,仿真结果采用动画输出和文件输出两种方式。本文使用实际数据和仿真结果比较分析证明仿真模型的实用性,并对仿真数据进一步分析研究城市路段车辆换道的一些特征。
[Abstract]:Because of the signal control and speed restriction on the urban road, the discontinuity of the urban traffic flow in the road network is caused, resulting in the diversified and complicated characteristics of the traffic flow on the urban road sections. In order to study the flow characteristics of vehicles on urban road sections, it is necessary to analyze the following and changing behaviors of vehicles on the urban road network. Domestic and foreign scholars have made more general and effective research on the car-following behavior of vehicles. Domestic and foreign scholars have made extensive and effective research on car-following behavior. The deterministic routing behavior on urban roads is of great significance to the study of the road changing behavior on urban roads. Turning to change roads is one of the main changing behaviors of vehicles on road sections. At the same time, it is one of the main factors that affect the efficiency of road section. On the basis of summing up the past classification methods of vehicle change, and according to the characteristics of route selection of urban traffic flow, the paper puts forward the concept of diversion change, and does the following work: first, The changing behavior of urban road sections is divided into two types: turning and random changing. On the basis of supposing the model of urban road section channelization, the vehicle is divided into free changing section, compulsory changing section and no changing section according to the position of vehicle in urban road section. The theoretical calculation formulas such as the total flow of the urban road section, the urban road lane turn change flow, the urban road lane turn change flow, the section turning change rate and the lane change rate are derived. The theoretical derivation formula is verified and the deviation is analyzed by using the actual data. After that, the influence of route selection on the flow rate of lane change, lane turn in, lane turn out rate, lane turn exchange flow rate, and channelization mode are calculated and analyzed. Secondly, it analyzes the urgency of the deterministic changing behavior caused by the drivers' demand for the route on the urban road sections, and divides the urban sections into free changing sections, compulsory changing sections and forbidden changing sections. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the actual urban road changing behavior, and puts forward the concept of the changing decision point as the dividing point between the free and forced changing sections. In theory, the switch decision point is the dynamic point related to the traffic flow state and speed, and the change decision point highlights the longitudinal flow state of the traffic flow in the urban section. In this paper, the calculation method of dynamic path changing decision point is derived and established by using the mathematical method of probability theory. Finally, different from the previous urban road changing model, the model describes the route selection between the far downstream intersection and the near downstream intersection by the traffic flow. The different pressure state of the changing vehicle leads to the different change of course form. In the model, the free changing condition and the forced changing condition are distinguished respectively, which are more close to and accord with the traffic flow movement state of the urban road section. In addition, the matlab language is used to compile the simulation program of urban road section. Initial data and rules are used to set the program, and the simulation results adopt two ways: animation output and file output. In this paper, the practicability of the simulation model is proved by comparing the actual data with the simulation results.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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