基于多传感信息的交通流参数检测设备研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 18:59

本文选题：交通检测 + 无线通信　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：实时有效的交通流参数是智能交通系统ITS(Intelligent Transport Systems,ITS)系统能够实现的数据基础和决策依据。而现有交通流参数检测技术一般采用有线数据传输方式,具有很大的空间局限性,而且设备体积一般较大,系统功耗很大,安装方式一般较为繁琐,维护成本高。此外,现有交通流参数检测技术一般只利用单一的传感信息为检测依据,在恶劣天气或行人、树木等错误目标的干扰下,很容易造成误检。为了解决现有交通流参数流检测设备普遍存在设备体积大、功耗高、数据传输方式空间局限性较大、安装维护繁琐等问题,本文研究了一种应用无线传输技术的小型化、低功耗交通流参数检测设备。以车辆行驶造成的地磁场扰动和路面光照强度变化为检测依据,实现交通流参数检测。在研究技术路线的基础上,对交通流参数检测设备系统进行了软硬件设计。系统硬件设计包括传感器数据采集设计、无线通信单元设计、基于太阳能电池板的自供电电源管理单元设计以及上位机数据采集控制设备设计,设计内容包括原理图设计、印制电路板设计和硬件调试。在系统软件设计中,设计编写了无线传感器节点内嵌程序和上位机数据采集及分析软件。系统软硬件设计完成之后,进行了系统集成和测试。在系统测试过程中,验证了系统运行的稳定性和数据采集的有效性,并为下一步的数据分析采集到足够的原始数据。最后,进行了传感器数据分析,在此基础上,提出了基于地磁信息和光感信息融合的交通流参数获取算法。实验验证结果表明,本文研究的交通流参数检测设备利用两种传感信息作为检测依据,有效提高了检测设备的抗干扰能力和检测准确度。
[Abstract]:Real time and effective traffic flow parameters are the data base and decision basis of intelligent transportation system (ITS(Intelligent Transport Systems / ITSs). But the existing traffic flow parameter detection technology generally adopts the wired data transmission mode, has the very big space limitation, and the equipment volume is generally big, the system power consumption is very big, the installation way is generally more tedious, the maintenance cost is high. In addition, the existing traffic flow parameters detection technology generally only uses a single sensor information as the basis of detection, under the bad weather or pedestrian, trees and other wrong target interference, it is easy to cause false detection. In order to solve the problems of large volume, high power consumption, space limitation of data transmission mode and cumbersome installation and maintenance of the existing traffic flow parameter flow detection equipment, a miniaturization of wireless transmission technology is studied in this paper. Low power traffic flow parameter detection equipment. Based on the geomagnetic disturbance caused by vehicle driving and the change of road illumination intensity, the traffic flow parameters can be detected. On the basis of studying the technical route, the hardware and software design of the traffic flow parameter detecting equipment system is carried out. The hardware design of the system includes sensor data acquisition design, wireless communication unit design, self-supply power supply management unit design based on solar panel and PC data acquisition and control device design. The design content includes schematic design. PCB design and hardware debugging. In the system software design, the embedded program of wireless sensor node and the data acquisition and analysis software of upper computer are designed. After the system software and hardware design is completed, the system integration and test are carried out. In the process of system testing, the stability of the system and the validity of data acquisition are verified, and sufficient raw data are collected for the next step of data analysis. Finally, based on the analysis of sensor data, a traffic flow parameter acquisition algorithm based on geomagnetic and light-induced information fusion is proposed. The experimental results show that the traffic flow parameter detection equipment studied in this paper uses two kinds of sensing information as the detection basis and effectively improves the anti-interference ability and detection accuracy of the detection equipment.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495

【引证文献】