城市轨道交通高架桥30m混凝土简支梁结构噪声研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 07:56

本文选题：城市轨道交通 + 振动测试　；参考：《中国铁道科学研究院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,城市道路的交通拥堵成为全国各大城市的重点热点问题,为保证城市内的快速交通运输,城市轨道交通在全国范围内快速发展,随之而来的是轨道交通通过市区时带给周边建筑与民众的振动与噪声问题,由于轨道交通的改造与重建成本高,同时噪声问题影响的范围和人群广,因此城市轨道交通的噪声问题越来越受到工程界的重视。本文综述了桥梁结构噪声的声学特性和国内外研究现状,并介绍了现有评价噪声的方法和物理量,指出用现有的评价方法评价结构噪声具有一定的局限性。本文对国内某城市轨道交通高架桥进行了振动与噪声测试,得到桥梁噪声随距离衰减的关系;利用全封闭声屏障的屏蔽效果,在梁底0.3m处测得较为准确的桥梁结构噪声,并对比分析了声屏障对城市轨道交通高架桥的降噪效果。本文以城市轨道交通常用的30m简支箱梁为模型,考虑移动质量模型,基于有限元—边界元理论计算高架桥的结构噪声,首先计算分析了桥梁振动、声场噪声的时程分析和频谱分析,最终总结了振动和噪声的传播、衰减规律,并将振动与噪声的计算值和实测值进行了对比印证,验证计算模型的准确性,其中,桥梁结构振动的计算采用了通用有限元软件ANSYS的动力分析模块,而辐射噪声采用声学仿真软件Virtual.Lab Acoustics的瞬态边界元模块来计算。本文通过改变桥梁参数和车辆速度来研究其对振动和辐射噪声的影响程度,为指导工程实践进行减振降噪提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the 21st century, traffic congestion on urban roads has become an important hot issue in all major cities in China. In order to ensure the rapid transportation in cities, urban rail transit develops rapidly throughout the country. What follows is the vibration and noise problem that rail transit brings to the surrounding buildings and people when it passes through the urban area. Because of the high cost of reconstruction and reconstruction of rail transit, at the same time, the noise problem affects a wide range of people and a wide range of people. Therefore, the noise problem of urban rail transit is paid more and more attention by the engineering circles. This paper summarizes the acoustic characteristics of bridge structure noise and the present research situation at home and abroad, and introduces the existing methods and physical quantities for evaluating structural noise. It is pointed out that the existing evaluation methods have some limitations in evaluating structural noise. In this paper, the vibration and noise of an urban rail transit viaduct in China are tested, and the relationship between the bridge noise and distance attenuation is obtained, and the bridge structure noise is measured accurately at the bottom of the beam at 0.3 m using the shielding effect of the completely closed noise barrier. The noise reduction effect of noise barrier on urban rail transit viaduct is compared and analyzed. Taking the 30m simply supported box girder commonly used in urban rail transit as the model, considering the moving mass model, the structural noise of the viaduct is calculated based on the finite-boundary element theory. Firstly, the bridge vibration is calculated and analyzed. The time history analysis and frequency spectrum analysis of sound field noise finally summarize the propagation and attenuation laws of vibration and noise. The calculated and measured values of vibration and noise are compared to verify the accuracy of the calculation model. The dynamic analysis module of the general finite element software ANSYS is used to calculate the vibration of the bridge structure, while the transient boundary element module of the acoustic simulation software Virtual.Lab Acoustics is used to calculate the radiated noise. In this paper, the influence of bridge parameters and vehicle speed on vibration and radiated noise is studied, which provides a theoretical basis for guiding engineering practice to reduce vibration and noise.
【学位授予单位】：中国铁道科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U441.3

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