高速公路应急救援决策研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 12:03

本文选题：高速公路 + 应急救援　；参考：《长安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着我国经济的飞速发展,高速公路基础设施建设不断完善,纵贯南北、横连东西的公路网络已具备规模。由于高速公路交通流量的持续增长,交通事故随之频发,安全形势越来越严峻。高速公路应急救援是为了及时、有效地处理各种突发性交通事件,实现快速响应和紧急救助,以达到减少人员伤亡和经济损失的目的。其中应急救援资源点的选址和应急救援资源调度是应急救援的核心。在分析国内外研究现状的基础上,分析高速公路事故特征和原因;将高速公路路网抽象为无向赋权网络图,建立应急救援资源点选址模型,利用作图的方式求解模型,得到网络图的绝对中心点,即应急资源点的布置点;以时间紧迫性为前提,以成本、道路条件等参数作为节点权重,优化选址模型,使其更具有实际运用价值;建立了动态高速路网应急资源调度模型,设计了一个改进的混合蛙跳算法,采用随机整数编码方案保证路径序列具有连续性,优势节点编码方案进一步降低决策空间维度,提升了算法的精度;组内迭代策略让动态最短路径的求解得以实现。最后以西安市西侧高速公路路网为例,应用所建立的模型和算法求解,结果表明所建模型合理,所设计的算法能满足快速路网应急车辆最短路径问题的优化目标;基于优势节点编码方案的混合蛙跳算法较随机整数编码方案在求解准确度和求解速度方面更有优势。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy, the highway infrastructure construction has been improved continuously. The highway network, which runs through the north and south, and connects east and west, already has the scale. Due to the continuous growth of highway traffic flow, traffic accidents occur frequently, and the security situation is becoming more and more serious. The purpose of expressway emergency rescue is to deal with all kinds of sudden traffic events in time and effectively, to realize rapid response and emergency rescue, and to reduce casualties and economic losses. The location of emergency rescue resource point and the dispatch of emergency rescue resource are the core of emergency rescue. On the basis of analyzing the present research situation at home and abroad, the characteristics and causes of expressway accidents are analyzed, and the expressway network is abstracted as an undirected weighted network graph, and the emergency rescue resource point location model is established, and the model is solved by the way of drawing. The absolute center point of the network diagram, that is, the layout point of the emergency resource point, is obtained, and the parameters such as cost and road condition are taken as the weight of the node on the premise of the urgency of time, so as to optimize the site selection model so that it has more practical application value. A dynamic high-speed network emergency resource scheduling model is established, and an improved hybrid leapfrog algorithm is designed. The random integer coding scheme is used to ensure the continuity of path sequence, and the dominant node coding scheme further reduces the decision space dimension. The accuracy of the algorithm is improved and the dynamic shortest path can be solved by intra-group iterative strategy. Finally, taking the Xi'an highway network as an example, the model and algorithm are applied to solve the problem. The results show that the model is reasonable and the algorithm can meet the optimization goal of the emergency vehicle shortest path problem in the expressway. The hybrid leapfrog algorithm based on dominant node coding scheme has more advantages than random integer coding scheme in solving accuracy and speed.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.8

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