铁路隧道机械化清筛成套技术及装备研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 02:17

本文选题：隧道 + 机械化清筛　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现有铁路隧道因为受原有设计宽度不够、通风不畅、照明不全以及在作业中通讯、除尘、降噪、机械尾气排放等一系列技术条件的限制,以往的隧道清理过程只能依靠大量人力实现,但是人工作业存在进度慢、安全隐患大、作业环境恶劣、作业质量差的缺点。针对这些难题,通过开展周密的理论分析计算、设备更新改造、工艺创新、施工流程优化等技术攻关,在国内首次成功实现了机械化重载铁路单线隧道道床的清筛试验。通过改造QS-400型全断面道砟清筛机,实现了两侧枕端距挡砟墙距离之和大于等于1.1m单线隧道的机械化清筛作业,解决了我国大部分既有单线隧道的机械化清筛技术难题。对隧道施工环境进行监测、分析,提出了对作业环境中的02、CO、CO2、NO、NO2、粉尘等进行实时检测的检测标准和劳动保护优化措施,针对不同工位施工人员装备专业防尘、防烟、防毒口罩和护目镜,采取了安装尾气净化装置、加装防尘橡胶盖板等多种措施,有效改善了在隧道内进行机械化清筛的作业环境。将设备使用条件与隧道特点相结合,提出了隧道机械化清筛作业的工艺流程和施工组织规范。对于单线隧道中因枕端距挡砟墙距离受限制而无法机械化清筛的隧道进行专项研究,提出了改造方案和措施。所研发的隧道成套技术及装备较好的解决了隧道机械化清筛中的主要难题,实现了隧道尤其是单线隧道的机械化清筛作业,并经过了多条单、双线隧道的生产性清筛作业试验验证,为我国铁路隧道机械化清筛成套技术及实用化装备研制提供了一种有效的解决方案。
[Abstract]:The existing railway tunnels are limited by a series of technical conditions such as inadequate design width, poor ventilation, inadequate lighting, communication in operation, dust removal, noise reduction, mechanical exhaust emission, etc. In the past, the tunnel cleaning process can only be realized by a large number of manpower, but the manual work has the disadvantages of slow progress, large security hidden danger, bad working environment and poor working quality. In view of these problems, through thorough theoretical analysis and calculation, equipment renewal, technological innovation, construction process optimization and other technical problems, the mechanized heavy haul railway single track tunnel bed cleaning test was successfully realized in China for the first time. By reforming the QS-400 type full-section ballast cleaning machine, the mechanized sieve cleaning operation of single-line tunnel with the sum of the distance between the two ends of the pillow and the ballastproof wall being greater than or equal to 1.1 m has been realized, and the technical problem of mechanized cleaning of most of the existing single-line tunnels in China has been solved. Based on the monitoring and analysis of the tunnel construction environment, the paper puts forward the real time detection standard of 02COCO2CO2NO2NO2 and dust, and the optimized measures of labor protection, aiming at the professional dustproof and smoke prevention of the construction personnel in different work stations. Gas mask and goggles, installation of exhaust gas purification device, installation of dust-proof rubber cover plate and other measures have effectively improved the working environment of mechanized cleaning and screening in the tunnel. Combining the use conditions of the equipment with the characteristics of the tunnel, the technological process and the construction organization standard of the mechanized cleaning and screening operation of the tunnel are put forward. The special research on the tunnel which can not be mechanized cleaning screen due to the restriction of the distance between the end of the pillow and the ballastproof wall in the single line tunnel is carried out and the improvement scheme and measures are put forward. The research and development of the tunnel complete set of technology and equipment has solved the main difficult problem in the tunnel mechanized screening, realized the mechanized cleaning operation of the tunnel, especially the single line tunnel, and passed through many single lines. The test verification of the productive cleaning operation of the double-line tunnel provides an effective solution for the development of the mechanized screening technology and practical equipment for the railway tunnel in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U457.4;U216.632

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