道路用于城市大排水系统规划设计方法与案例研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 11:15

本文选题：大排水系统 + 径流行泄通道　；参考：《北京建筑大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市大排水系统是海绵城市多目标雨水系统和城市排水防涝综合体系中的重要组成部分,但我国相关规划及“迟来”的规范标准,对城市大排水系统的规划、设计指导仍存在一定不足,相比发达国家,我国的排水防涝综合控制体系及大排水系统构建的相关研究仍有所欠缺,对于大排水系统中“蓄”“排”两方面,“排”研究相对较少,尤其是道路大排水系统的规划设计方法,因此对于道路大排水系统的综合规划开展、设计方法、水文水力分析、蓄排组合设施的规模布局确定等多方面仍需要开展长期研究。本文主要围绕城市大排水系统构建这一重点专题,通过文献综述、对比研究、水力计算与试验、案例辅助等方法,针对我国目前大排水系统构建及存在的主要问题,首先进一步明确大排水系统的概念、构成,梳理大排水系统的构成及与海绵城市相关子系统的衔接关系,概括总结大排水系统的规划思路及道路用于城市大排水系统的规划方法,分析新老城区、不同地形城市大排水系统构建要点。针对道路大排水系统设计方法及安全评价展开重点讨论。本文的主要研究内容及相关结论如下:(1)提出基于推理公式法与地表漫流计算方法结合建立超过小排水系统排水能力的径流行泄通道设计方法,根据内涝风险分析确定内涝防治设计重现期的排水分区,计算该设计标准对应的汇水区域径流总量和排水管渠系统的最大排水量,由此得出需要地表行泄通道排除的径流量,对道路或沟渠的断面、坡度进行设计,由此进行反复的校核与设计调整,直至满足设计标准要求;(2)提出基于行泄通道设计流量与调蓄设施流量变化耦合的蓄排组合设施设计方法,利用地表汇流计算方法与多功能调蓄溢流过程推导计算,演进降雨历时内调蓄设施的入流和出流过程线,合理设计径流行泄通道+调蓄设施综合实现区域高内涝防治标准;(3)针对道路径流行泄通道的安全设计标准展开讨论,基于行人在水流中的稳定性分析,综合考虑不同工况,确定道路行泄通道风险标准为流速*水深,通过水力计算与模型实验分析道路作为行泄通道时行人的安全性,得出人在正常站立时不同坡度下的临界失稳流速*水深值在0.33~0.46 m~2/s;(4)考虑在各种条件下的最不利情况,确定行人失稳的临界流速*水深0.3~0.54 m~2/s之间,当道路路面排水流速*水深为0.3 m~2/s时,行人处于低风险区,高于0.54 m~2/s时处于高危险区,介于两者之间时行人由于不同状态会处于中危险区,并且根据计算与试验数据做出流速与水深关系曲线,建立道路径流行泄通道安全四级制危险等级,此标准可为交通安全预警、城市内涝防治、洪泛区规划提供科学参考。(5)最终辅以实际案例介绍径流行泄通道的规划设计方法,为我国城市大排水系统的规划设计、相关标准制定提供更科学的思路与技术路线。
[Abstract]:The urban large drainage system is an important part of the multi target rainwater system in the sponge city and the comprehensive system of urban drainage and waterlogging prevention, but there are still some shortcomings in the planning and design guidance of the urban large drainage system in our country and the "late" standard standard. The research on the construction of drainage system is still deficient. For the two aspects of "storage" and "row" in the large drainage system, the research on "row" is relatively small, especially the planning and design method of the large drainage system. Therefore, the design method, hydrologic hydraulic analysis, and the scale distribution of the storage and arrangement facilities are carried out for the comprehensive planning of the large drainage system. This paper mainly focuses on the key topics of the urban large drainage system, including literature review, comparative study, hydraulic calculation and test, case assistance and other methods. In view of the main problems of construction and existence of large drainage systems in China, the concept of large drainage system is further clarified. The composition of the large drainage system and the connection with the related subsystems of the sponge City, summarize the planning ideas of the large drainage system and the planning method of the road used in the urban large drainage system, analyze the main points of the construction of the large drainage system in the new and old urban areas and different terrain cities. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) a design method based on the combination of reasoning formula method and surface flow calculation method, which combines the drainage capacity of the small drainage system, is put forward, and the drainage area of the design reappearance period of the waterlogging prevention and control is determined according to the risk analysis of waterlogging, and the design standard is calculated. The total amount of runoff in the confluence area and the maximum drainage of the drainage pipe and canal system will result in the runoff discharge from the drainage channel of the surface, the design of the cross section and the slope of the road or ditch, and the repeated check and design adjustment until the design standard is met. (2) the flow and storage design based on the drainage channel design is put forward. The design method of the coupled storage and arrangement of facilities flow changes, using the calculation method of surface confluence calculation and the multi-function storage overflow process, evolves the inflow and outflow process lines of the storage facilities in the rainfall period, and the reasonable design of the channel and the storage facilities to realize the regional high waterlogging prevention and control standards, and (3) the popularity of the road path is popular. The safety design standard of the channel is discussed. Based on the analysis of the stability of pedestrians in the water flow and considering the different working conditions, the risk standard of the road drainage channel is determined by the flow depth. The pedestrian safety of the road is analyzed by the hydraulic calculation and the model experiment. The boundary instability flow velocity * water depth is at 0.33~0.46 m~2/s; (4) considering the most unfavorable conditions under various conditions, the critical flow velocity of pedestrian instability * the depth of water depth * 0.3~0.54 m~2/s, when the road surface drainage velocity * is 0.3 m~2/s, pedestrians are in a low risk zone, higher than 0.54 m~2/ s in a high danger zone, when pedestrians are between the two. Different states will be in the middle danger zone, and according to the calculation and test data to make the curve of flow velocity and depth of water, establish the safety four level hazard grade of road path popular vent channel. This standard can provide scientific reference for traffic safety early warning, urban waterlogging prevention and Flood flood planning. (5) finally, the actual cases are introduced with the actual case. The planning and design method provides a more scientific way of thinking and technology for the planning and design of urban drainage system in China.

【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U417.3;TU992

【参考文献】