导洞模式下单洞双向公路隧道人员疏散救援研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 12:52

本文选题：公路隧道 + 单洞双向　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国公路隧道建设和营运数量不断增多,其中单洞双向公路隧道占有较大比重,而单洞双向隧道由于双向行车较双洞单向公路隧道具有更高的火灾发生率、危险性和人员疏散困难等特点,同时火灾持续时间长,容易造成严重人员伤害、财产损失,火灾情况下人员疏散安全问题亟待解决。论文以某单洞双向隧道为依托,开展了导洞模式下单洞双向公路隧道人员疏散救援研究,取得了以下研究成果。(1)调研分析了国内外单洞双向隧道采用的防灾救援系统,并对各类防灾救援体系的优缺点和适用条件进行了分析,并制定了防灾救援联动响应的基本原则和具体流程。(2)开展了单洞双向公路隧道人员疏散参数的分析,提出了单洞双向公路隧道人员荷载密度计算公式,确定了导洞通行能力取值范围,以及人员紧急逃生速度研究的重要性。(3)开展狭长空间(隧道)人员紧急逃生速度实验,研究分析了五种能见度条件(正常条件、佩戴透光率54%眼罩、佩戴透光率29%眼罩、佩戴透光率16%眼罩、佩戴透光率9%眼罩)和两种逃生模式(单人次、三人次)下人员疏散行为特性,并获取了人员紧急逃生速度参数值。(4)以真实隧道为背景,基于上述火灾下隧道环境和人员行为特性,人员疏散基础参数值,利用Pathfinder建立了人员疏散模型,对不同导洞设计参数场景下疏散进行了研究分析,同时考虑了导洞口处滞留车辆对通行能力折损效应,最终确定双导洞模式下单洞双向公路隧道合理导洞关键设计参数取值以及人员疏散控制策略。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of highway tunnel construction and operation has been increasing in our country, in which the single-hole two-way highway tunnel occupies a large proportion, and the single-hole two-way tunnel has a higher fire rate than the double-hole one-way highway tunnel because of two-way driving. At the same time, the fire lasts for a long time, and it is easy to cause serious injuries and property losses. The safety problems of evacuation are urgently needed to be solved in case of fire. Based on a bidirectional tunnel with a single hole, this paper carried out the evacuation and rescue research of a two-way highway tunnel with single hole under the guide tunnel mode, and obtained the following research results. The disaster prevention and rescue system used in the two-way tunnel with single hole at home and abroad was investigated and analyzed. The advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions of various disaster prevention and rescue systems are analyzed, and the basic principles and concrete flow chart of disaster prevention and rescue linkage response are worked out. This paper presents a formula for calculating the personnel load density of a two-way highway tunnel with a single hole, determines the range of the capacity of the pilot tunnel, and the importance of the study on the emergency escape speed of the personnel, and carries out an emergency escape velocity experiment in a narrow and narrow space (tunnel). Five kinds of visibility conditions (normal condition, 54% eye mask, 29% eye mask, 16% eye mask, 9% eye mask) and two escape modes (single person time) were studied and analyzed. The evacuation behavior characteristics under three times of fire, and the evacuation velocity parameter value. 4) based on the actual tunnel background, based on the above fire tunnel environment and human behavior characteristics, the evacuation basic parameters were obtained. In this paper, the evacuation model is established by using Pathfinder, and the evacuation under different design parameters of guide tunnel is studied and analyzed. At the same time, the discounting effect of stranded vehicles at the entrance of the guide tunnel on the traffic capacity is considered. Finally, the key design parameters and evacuation control strategy of single tunnel bidirectional tunnel are determined.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U458

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