环境友好型的交通信号多目标优化控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 14:23

本文选题：VSP + 多目标交通信号控制　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：有效的交通信号控制使得城市道路交通顺畅、有序运行,因而它一直以来都是学者们的热门研究问题。但是以往的研究多专注于减少交通拥挤,而忽略了交通运行对环境的影响。随着人们环保意识的日益增强,亟需能考虑到环境因素的交通信号控制方案,基于这样一个目的,本文应运而生。首先,对车辆的行驶轨迹进行描述,将其分为匀速行驶过程、减速行驶过程、怠速行驶过程和加速行驶过程,并对有怠速情况下和没有怠速情况下车辆的运动轨迹进行描述。然后采用回归分析的方法对延误和排放的关系进行分析拟合,给出通过回归拟合得到的函数关系式。考虑到交叉口右转弯车辆不受交叉口信号的控制,且具有无论前方是否有头车速度都会减速的特性,对上述关系式进行调整,得到通用的单车排放计算公式。通过交叉口车辆到达流量以及信号控制各参数之间的关系,得到一个基于红灯时间的概率分布函数。当给出配时方案时,即可估算交叉口各进口道各车流的排放值,最后得到整个交叉口的排放量。然后,在对比目前主流延误计算方法的前提下,选取HCM中的延误计算方法对交叉口总延误进行计算。并构建交叉口综合效益指标,考虑饱和度等约束条件,建立交通信号多目标优化控制模型。本文利用遗传蚁群融合算法对模型进行求解,采用Matlab编程手段对算法的程序进行设计。最后,选取长春市人民大街与自由大路交叉口进行案例研究,对交叉口几何信息、车流量以及交叉口的信号配时等信息进行调查,构建两个效益度量值来评价交叉口的总体运行效益,并对延误和排放所占比重不同的情况下进行模型求解,以及从不同周期时长情况下,分析通过配时优化减少机动车排放的空气质量效益。再通过VISSIM软件进行仿真,对比优化前后的延误和排放值,证明了本文的信号控制方法能够有效提高交叉口的运行效益和环境效益。
[Abstract]:Effective traffic signal control makes urban road traffic smooth and orderly, so it has always been a hot research problem for scholars. However, previous studies have focused on reducing traffic congestion and ignoring the impact of traffic operation on the environment. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, traffic signal control scheme which can take environmental factors into account is urgently needed. For this purpose, this paper emerges as the times require. First of all, the vehicle trajectory is described, which is divided into uniform driving process, deceleration process, idle driving process and acceleration process, and the vehicle trajectory is described in the case of idle and no idle speed. Then the relationship between delay and emission is analyzed and fitted by regression analysis, and the functional relationship obtained by regression fitting is given. Considering that the right turn vehicle of intersection is not controlled by intersection signal and has the characteristic of decelerating whether or not there is a headstock speed in front of the vehicle, the above formula is adjusted and a general calculation formula of bicycle emissions is obtained. A probability distribution function based on red light time is obtained through the relationship between vehicle arrival flow and signal control parameters at intersections. When the timing scheme is given, the discharge value of each traffic flow at the intersection can be estimated, and finally the emission of the whole intersection can be obtained. Then, on the premise of comparing the current mainstream delay calculation methods, the delay calculation method in HCM is selected to calculate the total delay of intersection. The multi-objective optimal control model of traffic signal is established by considering the constraint conditions such as saturation and the comprehensive benefit index of intersection. In this paper, genetic ant colony fusion algorithm is used to solve the model, and Matlab programming method is used to program the algorithm. Finally, this paper selects the intersection of people's Street and Free Road in Changchun for a case study to investigate the geometric information, the traffic flow and the signal timing of the intersection. Two benefit measures are constructed to evaluate the overall operational benefits of intersections, and the models are solved under different proportions of delay and emissions, and from different periods and long periods. The air quality benefits of vehicle emission reduction by timing optimization are analyzed. Through the simulation of VISSIM software, compared with the delay and emission value before and after optimization, it is proved that the signal control method in this paper can effectively improve the operational and environmental benefits of intersection.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.54

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