客车超载控制系统的研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 21:13

本文选题：客车超载 + 红外热成像　；参考：《河南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：公路客运具备覆盖面广、通达度深、延伸性强以及建设部署快等优点,一直受到人们的青睐,始终是其他交通工具无法取代的。近年来,有关车辆超载的违规操作问题屡制不止,对交通运输环境和客车运输行业的可持续发展起到了一定的限制。由于公路客运的特殊性,车辆一旦发生事故一般都是大规模群体性事故,这给国家和百姓带来的不仅是经济损失,更多的是无法估量的感情伤害。为了有效的控制客车超载,减小社会危害,各种各样的控制客车超载的方式陆续出现。从最初的人工检测法到票据检测法,再到传感器检测法,除此之外还有近期常用的基于视频的检测方法。这些检测方法的出现,虽然都对客车超载的现象起到了抑制作用,但会耗费大量的人力财力,而且有时候控制效果并不是很好。结合客车超载控制系统的发展情况,本文尝试采用基于红外热成像的客车检测模块结合单片机控制,对客车超载进行检测和控制。以STM32单片机为核心控制模块,它不仅具有高集成度和低功耗的特点,而且具有丰富的I/O端口和USB接口,同时可以通过USB从外部存储器读取和输出相关的音频信号,整合先进的面向连接的外设,可以在设备上实现多种功能可以整合多种功能,可以很好的满足我们的开发需求。本文的核心是基于红外图像的乘车人识别,首先对由红外热成像仪采集到的红外图像的首先进行中值滤波,其次对处理过的红外图像进行运动目标检测,将背景与红外图像序列中的变化区域分离开来,最后将通过轮廓提取算法提取到目标轮廓与Gavrila树形模板进行匹配,同时结合基于光电传感器的乘车人上下车识别,准确的判断具体的乘车人数。该方案实现智能化的管理,不仅能够提高客车人数统计的准确度,而且可以实时监控和自主预判,并且具有完备的功能,实行半自动化治超模式,实现数字化监控管理,使得经过的车辆不用人工检查,对于超载的车辆可以对车内信息进行实时监控,实时记录车内情况,并对车内情况进行统计与分析。对于超载的车辆,一方面核心控制模块会自动的启动报警模块,另一方面也能根据预设的核载人数进行系统分析,自发的做出预判,控制客车的发动机,限制客车的非正常行驶。大大降低了由超载而引发的交通风险,保障了行车安全。
[Abstract]:Highway passenger transport has the advantages of wide coverage, deep accessibility, strong extensibility and fast construction and deployment. It has always been favored by people and can not be replaced by other means of transportation. In recent years, the illegal operation of overloaded vehicles has been repeatedly regulated, which has limited the sustainable development of transportation environment and bus transportation industry. Because of the particularity of highway passenger transportation, once vehicle accidents occur, they are generally mass accidents, which bring not only economic losses, but also immeasurable emotional injuries to the country and people. In order to effectively control bus overload and reduce social harm, various ways of controlling bus overload appear one after another. From the original manual detection method to the bill detection method, and then to the sensor detection method, in addition to the recent commonly used video detection methods. The appearance of these detection methods can restrain the phenomenon of bus overload, but it consumes a lot of human and financial resources, and sometimes the control effect is not very good. Combined with the development of bus overload control system, this paper attempts to use the bus detection module based on infrared thermal imaging combined with single-chip microcomputer control to detect and control the bus overload. With STM32 MCU as the core control module, it not only has the characteristics of high integration and low power consumption, but also has rich I / O port and USB interface. At the same time, it can read and output related audio signals from external memory through USB. Integration of advanced connection-oriented peripherals, can achieve a variety of functions on the device can be integrated with a variety of functions, can well meet our development needs. The core of this paper is the identification of passengers based on infrared image. First, the median filter is applied to the infrared image collected by the infrared thermal imager, and then the moving target detection is carried out on the processed infrared image. The background is separated from the region of change in the infrared image sequence. Finally, the target contour is extracted by contour extraction algorithm to match the Gavrila tree template. At the same time, the rider is identified based on photoelectric sensor. Accurately judge the specific number of passengers. The intelligent management can not only improve the accuracy of bus statistics, but also can monitor and judge in real time and independently. It also has complete function, implements semi-automatic control mode, and realizes digital monitoring and management. So that the passing vehicles do not need manual inspection, for overloaded vehicles can be real-time monitoring of the information inside the vehicle, real-time recording of the situation in the vehicle, and the situation in the vehicle statistics and analysis. For overloaded vehicles, on the one hand, the core control module will automatically start the alarm module, on the other hand, it can also carry out systematic analysis according to the preset number of nuclear loads, and spontaneously make a pre-judgment to control the bus engine. Restrict the abnormal running of passenger cars. Greatly reduce the traffic risk caused by overload, and ensure the safety of driving.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U463.6;U495;TP273

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