基于TRT系统的隧道三维地质构造分析应用及改进方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 15:43

本文选题：隧道超前地质预报 + TRT6000　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国家对基础设施的大量投入,水利工程、公路工程和铁路工程都在突飞猛进的发展。在这些基础设施建设的过程中出现了大量的隧道工程,并且隧道工程的地质条件越来越复杂,穿越的长度也越来越大,施工过程中不可避免的会遇到对隧道施工产生安全隐患的不良地质体,因此,隧道施工期三维地质构造分析和超前地质预报工作就显得十分必要。本文主要依托沪昆高铁、贵瓮高速等地质条件复杂、构造差异的隧道工程项目,围绕TRT6000地震波检测技术,主要开展了如下的工作:(1)结合TRT6000技术,系统研究了人工激发地震波的类型以及地震波在岩体介质中传播规律,包括衰减规律、惠更斯原理、费马原理、视速度定理、地震波的反射与透射规律。对岩体的密度、孔隙度、孔隙充填物、风化作用等与弹性波速的关系进行了分类研究。(2)通过研究TRT6000超前地质预报的检测结果,深入研究了岩溶隧道施工期间常见的不良地质现象,包括节理裂隙发育带、断层带、溶洞、软弱岩层。研究了上述四种不良地质现象对施工期隧道稳定性产生影响的机理。对各个不良地质现象所对应的TRT系统成果图像的典型特征进行了分类总结,并对TRT系统对各个不良地质现象探测的精度进行了对比分析。(3)针对TRT6000在数据采集中存在的问题,对直达波速的计算进行了优化改进,依据费马原理,推导出了在两种类型的隧道中地震波传播的实际路径以及直达波速的计算公式。(4)对获取的直达波速进行了数据分析,采用Jarque-Bera检验法证明了直达波速符合高斯分布的特征,提出了用高斯分布来处理背景波速的办法,并推导出了用高斯分布处理下的背景波速置信区间上下限的计算公式。(5)结合蓝黄带色谱成果图及紫红带色谱成果图,对改进前后不同背景波速下的预测效果进行对比分析。结合实际隧道工程,证明了提出的改进后直达波速的预测效果更接近于实际开挖的效果,具有可靠性,而用置信区间上下限确定的区间可将灾害体的实际位置包含在内。在地质条件差的区域,用高斯分布处理直达波速的办法可有效避免不良地质体的漏报情况。
[Abstract]:With the great investment in infrastructure, water conservancy, highway and railway projects are developing by leaps and bounds. In the process of these infrastructure construction, a large number of tunnel projects have emerged, and the geological conditions of tunnel engineering are becoming more and more complex, and the length of passage is also getting larger and larger. In the process of construction, it is inevitable to meet the bad geological body which will bring safety hidden danger to the tunnel construction. Therefore, it is very necessary to analyze the 3D geological structure and forecast the geological advance during the tunnel construction period. This paper mainly relies on the tunnel engineering projects with complicated geological conditions such as Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway and Gui Weng high speed, which are different in structure. Around the TRT6000 seismic wave detection technology, the following work is mainly carried out in combination with TRT6000 technology. The types of artificially excited seismic waves and the propagation laws of seismic waves in rock mass are systematically studied, including attenuation law, Huygens principle, Fermat principle, apparent velocity theorem, reflection and transmission law of seismic waves. The relationship between the density of rock mass, pore filling, weathering and elastic wave velocity is classified. The common bad geological phenomena during the construction of karst tunnel are studied, including fracture zone, fault zone, karst cave and soft rock stratum. The mechanism of the influence of the above four bad geological phenomena on the tunnel stability during the construction period is studied. This paper classifies and summarizes the typical features of the TRT system result images corresponding to various bad geological phenomena, and makes a comparative analysis of the accuracy of the TRT system for the detection of the various bad geological phenomena. (3) aiming at the problems existing in the data acquisition of TRT6000, The calculation of direct wave velocity is optimized and improved. According to Fermat's principle, the actual path of seismic wave propagation in two types of tunnels and the formula for calculating direct wave velocity are derived. The Jarque-Bera test method is used to prove that the direct wave velocity accords with the characteristics of Gao Si distribution, and the method of using Gao Si distribution to deal with the background wave velocity is put forward. A formula for calculating the upper and lower limits of the confidence interval of background wave velocities under the treatment of Gao Si distribution is derived. Combining with the blue and yellow band chromatographic results and the purple band chromatographic results, the prediction results of different background velocities before and after the improvement are compared and analyzed. Combined with the actual tunnel engineering, it is proved that the prediction effect of the improved direct wave velocity is closer to that of the actual excavation and has reliability, and the actual location of the disaster body can be included in the interval determined by the upper and lower limit of the confidence interval. In the regions with poor geological conditions, the method of dealing with direct wave velocity by Gao Si distribution can effectively avoid the underreporting of bad geological bodies.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U452.11

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