碱激发胶凝材料在油田道路工程及废料固化中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 18:53

本文选题：碱激发胶凝材料 + 配合比设计　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十世纪末,在各国强烈呼吁环境保护的背景下,碱激发胶凝材料因其绿色环保的鲜明特征引起各国学者们的关注,将其视为胶凝材料发展的未来方向。目前,碱激发胶凝材料在一些发达国家的研究起步较早,已开展了一系列的实践应用。而我国碱激发胶凝材料的研究和应用还处在起步阶段,并无典型的实际工程应用。因此,开展关于碱激发胶凝材料的科学研究和推广应用具有十分重要的现实研究意义。为了更好的推进碱激发胶凝材料在我国的普及和应用,本文对碱激发胶凝材料的配合比设计和试验研究开展了大量工作,主要研究内容和成果如下:(1)基于正交试验法开展路基用碱激发胶凝材料的配合比设计,结果发现在碱激发剂作用下,偏高岭土和粉煤灰复掺的强度测试结果明显优于单掺。其中,偏高岭土/粉煤灰的比值与材料的抗折强度呈正相关。过度增大粉煤灰、石灰、石膏、碱激发剂的掺量,在减少水泥掺量的同时将会引起抗压强度的下降。建议路基用碱激发胶凝材料配合比为偏高岭土 15%、粉煤灰35%、石灰4%、石膏4%、水玻璃8%、氢氧化钠4%、42.5R普通硅酸盐水泥30%。(2)针对路面用碱激发胶凝材料的配合比设计开展了大量的试验研究,结果发现硫铝酸盐水泥作为一种具备优异早强性能的胶凝材料,对后期强度的贡献不大。产生早强性能的同时也产生副作用—材料变脆。仅由水泥加入石灰、石膏等碱激发剂后,并未产生碱激发作用,反而会由于石膏材料的微膨胀性导致整体强度体系的破坏。而偏高岭土得活性成分在碱激发的作用下能够形成稳定的晶格体系,从而产生一定的强度。配合比中具备早强性能的偏高岭土和硫铝酸盐水泥不宜复掺过多,否则会引起强度的下降;碱激发偏高岭土体系中,普通硅酸盐水泥相比硫铝酸盐水泥更适用于该体系中,与偏高岭土复掺能够产生更好的强度效果。建议路面用碱激发胶凝材料配合比为硫铝酸盐水泥20%,石灰10%,石膏10%,偏高岭土 20%,42.5R普通硅酸盐水泥40%。(3)针对油气田开采过程中产生的岩屑固化进行了强度和固化浸出试验,结果发现通过相应的水泥固化技术,使得岩屑中COD平均含量降低97.3%,悬浮物平均含量降低95.7%,色度平均含量降低98.3%,石油平均含量降低50.2%,六价铬平均含量降低61.5%。虽然四种固化方案浸出液处于明显的碱性,不过参考其强度测试结果,其碱性并未对固化体的抗折、抗压强度产生不利影响。综合分析强度测试结果、固化效果及原材料经济性等因素,建议建议给出碱激发胶凝材料固化配比,即偏高岭土 15%,粉煤灰35%,石灰4%,石膏4%,水玻璃8%,氢氧化钠4%,42.5R普通硅酸盐水泥30%。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 20th century, under the background of the strong appeal for environmental protection in various countries, alkali-activated cementitious materials have attracted the attention of scholars all over the world because of their distinctive characteristics of green environmental protection, and regarded them as the future direction of the development of cementitious materials. At present, alkali-activated cementitious materials started early in some developed countries, and a series of practical applications have been carried out. However, the research and application of alkali-activated cementitious materials in China is still in its infancy, and there is no typical practical engineering application. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out scientific research and popularization of alkali-activated cementing materials. In order to promote the popularization and application of alkali-activated cementing materials in China, a great deal of work has been done in this paper on the proportion design and experimental study of alkali-excited cementing materials. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) based on the orthogonal test method, the mixture ratio design of alkali-excited cementing materials for roadbed is carried out. The results show that the strength test results of co-admixture of metakaolin and fly ash are better than those of single admixture under the action of alkali activator. The ratio of metakaolin to fly ash is positively correlated with the flexural strength of the material. Increasing the amount of fly ash, gypsum and alkali activator will decrease the compressive strength of cement. It is suggested that the mixture ratio of alkali activated cementing material for roadbed is metakaolin 15, fly ash 35, lime 4, gypsum 4, water glass 8, sodium hydroxide 42.5R ordinary Portland cement 30.2) the mix ratio design of alkali excited cementing material for pavement is carried out. A lot of experimental research, The results show that sulphoaluminate cement, as a kind of cementitious material with excellent early strength, has little contribution to the later strength. Early strength of the property is also produced by side effects-the material becomes brittle. Only when cement is added with alkali activators such as lime and gypsum, it does not produce alkali excitation, on the contrary, it will lead to the destruction of the whole strength system due to the micro-expansion of gypsum material. However, the active components obtained from metakaolin can form a stable lattice system under alkali excitation, resulting in a certain strength. The metakaolin and sulphoaluminate cement with early strength in the mixture ratio should not be mixed too much, otherwise, the strength will decrease, and ordinary Portland cement is more suitable in this system than sulphoaluminate cement in alkali excited metakaolin system. Better strength effect can be obtained when mixed with metakaolin. It is suggested that the mixture ratio of alkali-activated cementing material for pavement is sulphoaluminate cement 20, lime 10, gypsum 10 and metakaolin 202.5R ordinary Portland cement 40.Y3) the strength and solidification leaching test of cuttings produced during oil and gas field exploitation are carried out. The results show that the average content of COD in cuttings is reduced by 97.3%, the average content of suspended matter is reduced by 95.7%, the average content of chroma is reduced by 98.3%, the average content of petroleum is reduced by 50.2% and the average content of chromium hexavalent is reduced by 61.5% through the corresponding cement curing technology. Although the leaching solution of the four curing schemes is obviously alkaline, the results of strength test show that the alkalinity has no adverse effect on the flexural strength and compressive strength of the solidified solution. Synthetically analyzing the results of strength test, curing effect and raw material economy, it is suggested that the curing ratio of alkali excited cementitious material be given. Metakaolin 15, fly ash 35, lime 4, gypsum 4, water glass 8, sodium hydroxide 42.5 R ordinary Portland cement 30.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U414

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