大型公共下停车场智能地管理系统研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 13:25

本文选题：地下停车场 + 路径规划　；参考：《山东建筑大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着汽车数量的高速增长,城市交通问题随之而来,“停车难”便是诸多城市交通问题之一。为了解决停车难的问题,城市中建设的大型地下停车场数量不断增多,不仅方便了停车,而且节约了地上空间,然而传统的停车场管理系统由于智能化程度较低,已经不能满足大型地下停车场的需求。传统的停车场管理系统主要存在以下问题：1、地下停车场内缺少必要的引导信息,使得用户在寻找停车位时非常盲目,降低了停车场的运行效率；2、所有车辆在进出停车场时都必须停车刷卡,极易造成停车场出入口拥堵；3、停车场内照明控制方式落后,存在大量的长明灯,使得电能严重浪费；4、停车场的安全性低,偷车现象时有发生。针对以上问题,本文设计了一个停车场智能管理系统,该系统利用无线射频识别技术、车牌识别技术、ZigBee无线通信技术及传感技术,大大提高了系统的智能化程度。本文所做具体工作如下：(1)设计了智能灯光控制器,智能灯光控制器完成了对地下车库内车位信息的智能感知,同时为系统的灯光导航、灯光的智能控制提供了硬件基础。车位节点通过智能灯光控制器完成了地下停车场内车位信息的智能感知；车道节点通过将智能灯光控制器与RFID阅读器结合在一起,完成了车道上车辆身份、位置及行驶姿态的检测,并将信息通过ZigBee上传至数据处理中心,从而完成了对车辆的跟踪；智能灯光控制器通过实时探测是否有车辆经过并结合周围照度实现对灯具的智能控制。(2)利用栅格法对停车场进行环境建模,然后对Dijkstra算法进行优化,最终将改进后的算法成功应用到地下停车场的路径规划中。通过对优化前后算法的对比,结果表明优化后的算法不仅运算速度快,而且有效提高了最优路径搜索成功的置信水平。(3)在停车场出入口处综合运用车牌识别技术与RFID技术,在实现固定车辆不停车入库的同时提高了停车场的安全性。(4)利用C#编程及SQL Server数据库等技术完成了管理系统的上位机软件设计,其集车牌识别、车辆信息管理、最优车位分配及路径规划于一体。最终,本文研究成果成功应用在山东黄金集团开发的大型公共地下停车场内,有效提高了停车场的自动化程度及运行效率。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of the number of vehicles, urban traffic problems, "parking difficulties" is one of many urban traffic problems. In order to solve the problem of parking difficulties, the number of large underground parking lots built in the city is increasing, which not only facilitates parking, but also saves ground space. However, the traditional parking management system is less intelligent. The demand for a large underground parking lot can no longer be met. The traditional parking lot management system mainly has the following problem: 1. The underground parking lot lacks the necessary guidance information, which makes the users very blind when looking for parking space. The running efficiency of parking lot is reduced by 2%, all vehicles must stop and swipe their cards when entering and leaving the parking lot, which can easily cause traffic jam at the entrance and exit of parking lot, the lighting control mode in the parking lot is backward, and there are a lot of long lights in the parking lot. Make electric energy serious waste, parking lot security is low, car theft phenomenon has occurred from time to time. In order to solve the above problems, a parking lot intelligent management system is designed in this paper. The system uses radio frequency identification technology, license plate recognition technology, ZigBee wireless communication technology and sensing technology, which greatly improves the intelligence of the system. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the intelligent light controller is designed. The intelligent light controller realizes the intelligent perception of the parking space information in the underground garage. At the same time, it provides the hardware basis for the lighting navigation and intelligent control of the system. The parking space node realizes the intelligent perception of the parking space information in the underground parking lot through the intelligent light controller, and the lane node completes the vehicle identity in the driveway by combining the intelligent light controller with the RFID reader. Detecting the position and driving attitude, and uploading the information to the data processing center through ZigBee, thus completing the tracking of the vehicle; The intelligent lighting controller uses grid method to model the environment of parking lot by detecting whether there is a vehicle passing through in real time and realizing intelligent control of lamps and lanterns combined with ambient illumination. Then the Dijkstra algorithm is optimized. Finally, the improved algorithm is successfully applied to the path planning of underground parking. By comparing the algorithms before and after optimization, the results show that the optimized algorithm is not only fast, but also effectively improves the confidence level of the successful search of the optimal path. It uses license plate recognition technology and RFID technology in the entrance and exit of parking lot. At the same time, the security of parking lot is improved by using C # programming and SQL Server database technology. The upper computer software design of the management system is completed, which includes license plate recognition, vehicle information management, etc. Optimal parking space allocation and route planning are integrated. Finally, the research results are successfully applied in the large underground parking lot developed by Shandong Gold Group, which effectively improves the automatization and operation efficiency of the parking lot.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495;TP315

【参考文献】