融雪撒布机预湿装置及控制系统的研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 12:11

本文选题：融雪撒布机 + 预湿撒布装置　；参考：《河北工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国冬季,降雪普遍,特别是在一些严寒地区,降雪期长达半年之久。随着科学技术的发展,融雪撒布机逐渐替代人工进行除雪作业。然而部分融雪撒布机在撒布作业时,采用的是干式撒布方式,并且撒布不均匀,既造成融雪剂的浪费又降低了融雪效率。因此,设计出一套能够有效融化冰雪、污染程度小、自动化程度高的多功能融雪撒布机势在必行。本论文在干式撒布融雪机基础上,通过加装预湿撒布装置及控制系统,实现控制融雪剂湿度、提高融雪效率、减少融雪剂用量的目的;改装融雪撒布机液压系统,实现液压系统的闭环控制,利用液压回路中的压力补偿,达到撒布均匀和稳定的目的;通过监控报警系统,能够及时发现问题,保证融雪撒布机安全的运行。改装后的融雪撒布机实现了由原来的单一除雪向多功能转变的目的,实现机械铲雪和撒布融雪剂同步作业,起到除雪、融雪和防冰的作用。论文以邯郸高速公路管理处融雪撒布机为基础,详细介绍了融雪撒布机的工作流程,并阐述融雪撒布机存在的不足。在此基础上,设计出了预湿撒布装置和基于PLC的自动化控制系统以及液压系统,介绍了PLC硬件选型、软件使用、网络组建、信号采集,并利用上位机软件设计了撒布系统的监控界面,最后在MATLAB环境下利用Ziegler-Nichols PID整定法对预湿系统进行PID整定并仿真。
[Abstract]:In winter in China, snowfall is common, especially in some cold areas, the snowfall period lasts up to half a year. With the development of science and technology, snow-melting machine is gradually replacing artificial snow removal. However, some snow-melting sprinklers use dry distribution mode, which not only causes the waste of snowmelt agent, but also reduces the snowmelt efficiency. Therefore, it is imperative to design a multifunctional snow melting machine which can melt ice and snow effectively, with low pollution and high automation. In this paper, on the basis of dry dispersing snowmelt machine, the purpose of controlling the humidity of snowmelt agent, improving the efficiency of snowmelt and reducing the amount of snowmelt agent is realized by installing prewet spreading device and control system, and the hydraulic system of snow-melting sprinkler is modified. The closed-loop control of the hydraulic system is realized, and the pressure compensation in the hydraulic circuit is used to achieve the purpose of uniform and stable distribution. Through the monitoring and alarming system, the problems can be found in time, and the safe operation of the snow-melting sprinkler can be ensured. The modified snowmelt sprinkler realizes the purpose of changing from single snow removal to multifunction, and realizes the simultaneous operation of mechanical snow shoveling and spreading snow melting agent, which plays the role of snow removal, snow melting and ice prevention. Based on the snow-melting machine of Handan Expressway Management Office, this paper introduces the working flow of the snow-melting machine in detail, and expounds the shortcomings of the snow-melting machine. On this basis, the prewetting device, the automatic control system based on PLC and the hydraulic system are designed. The selection of PLC hardware, the use of software, the construction of network and the signal collection are introduced. The monitoring interface of the distribution system is designed by using the upper computer software. Finally, the PID setting and simulation of the pre-wet system are carried out by using the Ziegler-Nichols PID tuning method in the MATLAB environment.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U418.326

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