基于AFM与表面能原理的沥青与集料粘附特性分析
本文选题:界面粘附特性 + 表面能 ; 参考:《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文
【摘要】:沥青与集料之间的粘附性在沥青路面的高温抗车辙、低温抗裂、水损害乃至疲劳微裂纹的萌发等方面具有至关重要的作用,对路面的使用品质与寿命,以及行车的安全性与舒适性也有一定影响。随着表面能理论的发展与应用,其在研究沥青与集料的粘附性、沥青混合料的水损害等方面有着明显的有效性与可行性。由于近几年材料微观研究的快速发展,AFM测试技术日趋成熟,并且在分析材料微观物理力学性质方面优势明显。因此,本文以表面能理论为基本分析原理,采用AFM作为主要研究手段,通过微观与宏观相结合的方式研究沥青与集料的粘附特性,以期为沥青混合料的材料设计与耐久性评价提供一定的技术指导。首先,针对沥青与集料试样的特性,提出了适用于原子电力显微镜测试技术的试样制备和试验方法,并通过样品测试数据稳定性分析,验证了试验方法的有效性。其次,对不同油源、标号、老化状态的沥青和不同种类的集料开展了表面微观构造测试。根据沥青与集料的表观形貌测试结果,定性的评价沥青与集料的表面微观构造特点。利用MATLAB区分沥青表面特征结构,并结合SPSS统计分析结果与沥青三维形貌图分析沥青表面微观构造在老化前后的变化规律。结合沥青在不同老化程度下的化学四组分变化规律,定量研究沥青表面微观构造的影响因素与形成原因。然后,在AFM不同测试模式下有针对地获取集料与沥青表面的力曲线,结合选定的表面能模型与相关计算理论,确定集料与沥青表面各区域的表面能,并分析不同模型的适用性和可行性。将得到的表面能与常规座滴法的计算结果进行比较,分析新旧方法的差异来源。根据沥青的微观特征构造与化学组分信息,研究其与沥青表面能之间的相关性,并分析表面能的影响因素。最后,将不同沥青与不同集料进行宏观拉拔试验,从而评定沥青与集料间的宏观粘附力学特性。根据拉拔试验结果,综合分析沥青与集料的表面能参数、表面微观构造信息与宏观粘附力学特性的相互联系,进而在微观层面上探讨粘附性形成机理与改善粘附性的方法。根据研究成果,综合拟定一套沥青与集料粘附特性的预估与评价指标。
[Abstract]:The adhesion between asphalt and aggregate plays an important role in high temperature rutting resistance, low temperature crack resistance, water damage and fatigue microcrack germination of asphalt pavement. And the safety and comfort of driving also have a certain impact. With the development and application of surface energy theory, it is effective and feasible to study the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate and the water damage of asphalt mixture. Due to the rapid development of material microscopic research in recent years, AFM testing technology has become more and more mature, and it has obvious advantages in analyzing the microphysical and mechanical properties of materials. Therefore, based on the surface energy theory and AFM as the main research means, the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate is studied by the combination of micro and macro. In order to provide certain technical guidance for material design and durability evaluation of asphalt mixture. Firstly, according to the characteristics of asphalt and aggregate samples, a method of sample preparation and test is proposed, which is suitable for atomic power microscope (AEM) test technology. The validity of the test method is verified by the stability analysis of sample test data. Secondly, the surface microstructure of different oil sources, grades, aging state asphalt and different kinds of aggregates were tested. The surface microstructure of asphalt and aggregate is evaluated qualitatively according to the results of surface morphology test of asphalt and aggregate. The surface characteristic structure of asphalt was distinguished by MATLAB, and the change of surface microstructure of asphalt before and after aging was analyzed by combining the results of SPSS statistical analysis and three-dimensional topography of asphalt. Combined with the change rule of chemical four components of asphalt under different aging degree, the influencing factors and forming reasons of asphalt surface microstructure were studied quantitatively. Then, the force curves of aggregate and asphalt surface are obtained in different AFM test modes. Combined with the selected surface energy model and relevant calculation theory, the surface energy of each area of aggregate and asphalt surface is determined. The applicability and feasibility of different models are analyzed. The surface energy obtained is compared with the results obtained by the conventional method, and the source of the difference between the new and the old methods is analyzed. According to the microstructure and chemical component information of asphalt, the correlation between asphalt surface energy and surface energy was studied, and the influencing factors of surface energy were analyzed. Finally, macroscopical drawing tests of different bitumen and different aggregates are carried out to evaluate the macroscopic adhesion mechanical properties between asphalt and aggregate. According to the results of drawing test, the surface energy parameters of asphalt and aggregate, the relationship between surface microstructure information and macroscopic adhesion mechanical properties are analyzed synthetically, and the formation mechanism of adhesion and the methods to improve adhesion are discussed on the micro level. According to the research results, a set of prediction and evaluation indexes for the adhesion characteristics of asphalt and aggregate are drawn up synthetically.
【学位授予单位】:哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:U414
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