设置间歇式公交专用进口道交通条件研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 12:10

本文选题：间歇式公交专用进口道 + 车流波动理论　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：间歇式公交专用进口道(IBA,Intermittent Bus Approach)是一种在交叉口间歇性赋予公交车优先通行权的新型公交优先方式。IBA的原理是当公交车占用IBA时实行公交优先;当公交车不占用IBA时,社会车辆拥有在IBA上的通行权。从而降低了实行公交优先对社会车辆的影响,提高了交叉口道路资源利用率。本论文就设置IBA后社会车辆及公交车的延误进行了分析,在此基础上总结了设置IBA的交通条件,不仅为开辟IBA及评价提供理论依据,还为提高公共交通吸引力提供了新思路。本文的具体研究内容如下:首先,分析现有的IBA控制系统中开启IBA时间计算方面存在的不足。基于车辆随着相位的变化形成集结波和消散波,运用交通波动理论,提供了改进后的IBA开启时间的计算方法及改进后的IBA控制流程。基于IBA工作原理分析了设置IBA后车辆换道行为,得到社会车辆不对称变道、公交车单一道路行驶的运行特点。最后借鉴国外IBL的成功经验,总结了保障IBA运行的硬件设备的选择原则及所需的具体硬件保障设施。其次,理论分析设置IBA后社会车辆和公交车的延误。运用均匀延误模型分别讨论开启IBA和关闭IBA期间的社会车辆的周期延误,进而得出不同交通饱和度下社会车辆周期延误计算公式。结合IBA的工作原理得到公交车的周期平均延误公式。通过算例分析,分析了设置IBA前后社会车辆及公交车的延误差值随着不同信号周期及绿信比的变化趋势,得出了延误最小的情况下设置IBA的交通饱和度理论条件为(0.4,0.7)。然后,仿真分析设置IBA前后社会车辆及公交车的延误。对Nasch模型和NS模型进行改进,建立了满足设置IBA前后交叉口车辆行驶规则的元胞自动机模型。通过MATLAB仿真得到设置IBA前后不同信号时长下两条进口道上车辆行驶速度、社会车辆的换道频率等交通参数随交通饱和度变化值并拟制成图。对仿真所得参数进行处理,得到设置IBA前后不同饱和度下车辆延误差值。通过对比仿真延误差值与理论延误差值,验证了车辆延误计算公式的合理性。最后,分析设置IBA的交通条件。结合仿真所得的数据得出了设置IBA后不同信号周期时长及绿信比下的人总延误差值,并综合交通参数变化率对改进后的IBA效果进行评价,得出设置IBA的合理交通饱和度条件为(0.5,0.7)。
[Abstract]:IBA is a new type of bus priority method that gives priority to buses intermittently at intersections. The principle of IBA is to give priority to public transport when buses occupy IBA, and when buses do not occupy IBA. Social vehicles have the right of passage on the IBA. Thus, the impact of bus priority on social vehicles is reduced, and the utilization ratio of road resources at intersections is improved. This paper analyzes the delay of social vehicles and buses after setting up IBA, and summarizes the traffic conditions of setting up IBA, which not only provides a theoretical basis for opening up IBA and evaluation, but also provides a new way of thinking for improving the attraction of public transportation. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the shortcomings of the current IBA control system in the calculation of IBA time are analyzed. Based on the formation of aggregation wave and dissipation wave of vehicle with the change of phase, an improved method for calculating the opening time of IBA and an improved IBA control flow are provided by using the theory of traffic wave. Based on the working principle of IBA, this paper analyzes the changing behavior of vehicles after setting up IBA, and obtains the running characteristics of social vehicles with asymmetric change of course and single road running of buses. At last, using the successful experience of foreign IBL for reference, the paper summarizes the selection principle of hardware equipment to guarantee IBA operation and the specific hardware support facilities needed. Secondly, the theory analyzes the delay of social vehicles and buses after setting up IBA. Using the uniform delay model, the periodic delays of social vehicles during the period of opening IBA and closing IBA are discussed, and the formulas for calculating the cycle delays of social vehicles under different traffic saturation are obtained. Combined with the working principle of IBA, the average delay formula of bus cycle is obtained. Based on the analysis of an example, the variation trend of the delay difference of social vehicles and buses with different signal periods and green letter ratio before and after setting up IBA is analyzed. The theoretical condition of traffic saturation for setting up IBA in the case of minimum delay is obtained as follows: 0. 4% 0. 7%. Then, the delay of social vehicles and buses before and after setting up IBA is analyzed by simulation. The Nasch model and NS model are improved, and the cellular automata model is established to meet the vehicle driving rules at the intersection before and after IBA. By means of MATLAB simulation, the traffic parameters such as the vehicle speed on two entry roads with different signals before and after setting IBA and the changing frequency of social vehicles are obtained with the change of traffic saturation, and the diagram is made. After processing the parameters obtained by simulation, the difference of vehicle delay under different saturation before and after IBA is obtained. By comparing the simulation delay difference with the theoretical delay difference, the rationality of the vehicle delay calculation formula is verified. Finally, the traffic conditions of setting up IBA are analyzed. Combined with the data obtained from simulation, the difference of human total delay under different signal periods and green letter ratio after setting IBA is obtained, and the effect of improved IBA is evaluated by synthesizing the change rate of traffic parameters, and the reasonable traffic saturation conditions for setting IBA are obtained as follows: 0. 5% 0. 7%.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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