基于驾驶人生理特性的城市下穿隧道安全改善研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 15:35

本文选题：城市下穿隧道 + 驾驶人生理特性　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着改革开放,我国经济飞速发展,日益增长的交通需求对公路建设提出了更高的要求,城市下穿隧道作为缓解城市交通压力、疏导城市交通的一种有效设施,在我国许多大中型城市广泛修建。但城市下穿隧道在设计、建设和管控时均缺少相关理论和标准,使得在实际使用中事故多发且严重。所以,对城市下穿隧道的交通安全进行分析,进一步针对城市下穿隧道设计的相关参数进行改善已经迫在眉睫。论文通过实车试验,选取合肥一环路作为试验路段(共包含8个城市下穿隧道),采集共计32名被试驾驶人在自由驾驶条件下通过不同坡度、内外照度差条件下城市下穿隧道的生理、眼动及车速数据,通过SPSS进行多因素及单因素方差分析,详细分析了不同环境参数条件下驾驶人各项生理、眼动指标及车速保持行为的差异性,针对存在差异性的相关指标,运用Origin拟合出相关曲线及公式,最后,建立了ROC曲线进一步筛选出城市下穿隧道纵坡及内外环境照度差的临界阈值,为现有城市下穿隧道纵坡、照度设置提供优化建议。结果表明:驾驶人在通过城市下穿隧道过程中,隧道纵坡参数大小显著影响驾驶人心率以及车速保持能力;而隧道内外环境照度差的改变,显著影响驾驶人心率、瞳孔直径、平均持续注视时间、车速保持能力。通过对建立不同关系的ROC曲线判别模型分析可知:城市下穿隧道纵坡参数设置在区间3.1%-3.3%时,驾驶人的心率变异最小,车速保持情况也最优;城市下穿隧道内外环境照度差设置在区间62.5-87.5lx时,驾驶人的心率变异最小、车速保持情况最优、平均持续注视时间最短、瞳孔直径变化最小。
[Abstract]:With the reform and opening up, the rapid development of the economy in China, the increasing traffic demand put forward a higher demand for highway construction. The tunnel under the city is an effective facility to relieve the pressure of urban traffic and to divert the urban traffic. It is widely built in many large and medium cities in our country. However, the design, construction and control of urban underpass tunnel are lack of relevant theories and standards, which makes accidents frequent and serious in practical use. Therefore, it is urgent to analyze the traffic safety of urban underpass tunnel and to improve the design parameters of urban underpass tunnel. In this paper, the first ring road in Hefei is selected as the experimental road (including 8 cities through the tunnel). A total of 32 test drivers are selected to pass through different slopes under free driving conditions. The physiological, eye movement and speed data of the tunnel under the condition of poor internal and external illuminance were analyzed in detail by the analysis of variances of multiple factors and single factors by SPSS, and the physiological characteristics of the driver under different environmental parameters were analyzed in detail. According to the difference of eye movement index and speed keeping behavior, the correlation curve and formula are fitted by Origin. Finally, The ROC curve is established to screen out the critical threshold of the longitudinal slope and the illumination difference between the inner and outer environment of the tunnel, which provides some suggestions for the optimization of the illumination setting of the existing urban underpass tunnel longitudinal slope. The results showed that the longitudinal slope parameters of the tunnel significantly affected the heart rate and the vehicle speed retention while the difference of illumination inside and outside the tunnel significantly affected the heart rate and pupil diameter. Average duration of fixation and speed retention. By analyzing the discriminant models of ROC curves with different relationships, we can see that when the longitudinal slope parameters of the urban underpass tunnel are set in the interval of 3.1% -3.3%, the drivers' heart rate variability is the least, and the vehicle speed is the best. When the illumination difference between inside and outside of the tunnel is set at the interval 62.5-87.5lx, the heart rate variation of the driver is the least, the vehicle speed is optimal, the mean fixation time is the shortest, and the change of pupil diameter is the least.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.25

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