基于PLC的智能立体车库控制系统研究与设计

发布时间：2018-05-28 16:24

本文选题：立体车库 + 控制系统　；参考：《江西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今社会,城市汽车数量高速增长而停车设施严重不足,导致停车难问题日益突出,且城市土地资源紧张,加剧了停车难这一问题。立体车库的应用就能够使这一问题得到很好的缓解甚至解决。它能够充分利用极少的土地面积,发挥极大的空间优势,最大程度的放置车辆,是解决停车难问题的有效措施之一。因此,本文以四层七列共25车位的升降横移立体车库为研究及控制对象,完成了基于S7-1200PLC、触摸屏和上位机的智能立体车库控制系统的研究与设计。本文首先分析了国内外立体车库的研究及应用现状以及发展趋势,然后对智能立体车库控制系统的功能需求及控制要求进行分析,完成了智能立体车库控制系统的总体设计方案。同时,采用原地待命存取策略和车位调度优化控制设计,从存取能力和动作效率两方面实现立体车库的高效节能。硬件部分,根据功能需求及控制要求的分析,主要对检测部分、控制部分和执行部分进行了硬件设计。检测部分采用光电开关、接近开关和限位开关等传感器,对立体车库的状态及运行状况进行信号检测和采集,完成信号输入输出的电路设计;控制部分以S7-1200 PLC为主控制器,对检测部分传输过来的信号数据进行处理,并且通过以太网连接触摸屏和上位机,建立PROFINET通信:将数据传输至触摸屏和上位机中显示,同时也接收来自触摸屏和上位机的控制指令;执行部分由车位升降电机、车位横移电机、安全挂钩及安全档杆等构成,主要完成电机控制等模块的电路设计。软件部分,对软件功能模块进行分析,结合硬件设计,完成了传感器信号检测、复位、车位调度优化控制、自动控制、手动控制等功能模块的程序设计。根据控制流程图,依次实现了各模块的程序编写。对触摸屏触控系统的软件设计,根据实际功能需求,主要设计了自动控制操作界面和手动控制操作界面,实现用户或操作者对立体车库的现场操作。对上位机监控系统的软件设计,结合PLC控制程序,重点设计了立体车库状态实时监控界面,实现对立体车库状态及运行情况的远程监控功能。最后对所设计的智能立体车库控制系统进行了仿真调试。经过多次修改完善,最终调试结果表明:系统运行稳定可靠,操控界面简明友好,监控系统能够实时监控车库状态,达到了预期的设计目标和效果。本文设计的智能立体车库控制系统为缓解停车难问题起到了积极的作用,具有一定的实用性和现实意义。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid growth of the number of urban cars and the serious shortage of parking facilities, the problem of parking difficulties is becoming increasingly prominent, and the shortage of urban land resources exacerbates the problem of parking difficulties. The application of stereoscopic garage can make this problem to be alleviated or even solved. It is one of the effective measures to solve the problem of parking difficulty because it can make full use of very little land area, exert great spatial advantages and place vehicles to the greatest extent. Therefore, in this paper, the research and design of intelligent three-dimensional garage control system based on S7-1200PLC, touch screen and upper computer is carried out. This paper first analyzes the research and application status and development trend of domestic and foreign stereoscopic garage, and then analyzes the functional requirements and control requirements of intelligent stereoscopic garage control system. The overall design of the intelligent stereoscopic garage control system is completed. At the same time, the in-situ standby access strategy and the parking space scheduling optimization control design are adopted to realize the high efficiency and energy saving of the stereoscopic garage from the aspects of access capacity and action efficiency. The hardware part, according to the function requirement and the control requirement analysis, mainly carries on the hardware design to the detection part, the control part and the execution part. The detection part uses photoelectric switch, proximity switch, limit switch and other sensors to detect and collect the state and operation of the stereoscopic garage, complete the circuit design of the signal input and output, and take S7-1200 PLC as the main controller in the control part. The signal data transmitted from the detection part is processed, and the PROFINET communication is established by connecting the touch screen and the upper computer through Ethernet. The data is transmitted to the touch screen and the upper computer to display, At the same time, it also receives the control instructions from the touch screen and the upper computer. The executive part is composed of a parking lift motor, a parking space transverse motor, a safety hook and a safety lever, which mainly completes the circuit design of the motor control module. In the software part, the software function module is analyzed, combined with hardware design, the program design of sensor signal detection, reset, parking space scheduling optimization control, automatic control, manual control and other functional modules is completed. According to the control flow chart, the programming of each module is realized in turn. According to the actual functional requirements, the automatic control interface and the manual control interface are designed for the software design of the touch-screen touch control system, so as to realize the on-site operation of the three-dimensional garage by the user or operator. According to the software design of the monitoring system of the upper computer and the PLC control program, the real-time monitoring interface of the state of the stereoscopic garage is designed in order to realize the remote monitoring function of the state and operation of the stereoscopic garage. Finally, the intelligent three-dimensional garage control system is simulated and debugged. After many modifications and improvements, the final debugging results show that the system runs stably and reliably, the control interface is simple and friendly, and the monitoring system can monitor the state of the garage in real time, and achieve the expected design goal and effect. The intelligent three-dimensional garage control system designed in this paper has played a positive role in alleviating the problem of parking difficulties, and has certain practical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.71;TP273

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