隧道掌子面围岩结构数字化获取与信息表征方法及工程应用

发布时间：2018-05-29 00:39

本文选题：红外摄影 + 图像处理　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：隧道及地下工程中,岩体的稳定性分析与质量评价是岩土工程设计规划与安全施工过程中的重要一环,而岩体地质信息是进行岩体稳定性分析和安全评价地基础。传统的岩体信息采集方法面临着不及时、效率低等问题,而新兴的岩体结构面信息数字化获取方法在岩体地质信息采集过程中具有方便快速、便于数据保存等明显优势。但在获取过程中也面临着隧道洞室光线昏暗、多尘等恶劣环境条件的困扰,造成无法获取较清晰的结构信息图像。面对以上相关问题,通过研究优化岩体结构面信息获取及提取分析方法,为隧道等工程的施工设计提供有力保障。(1)研究总结了隧道复杂环境条件下采集设备环境敏感性及岩体结构面最佳采集模式。以隧道昏暗、粉尘环境为基础,运用环境监测仪器实现现场环境温湿度、亮度、粉尘浓度参数定量化,分别控制光照强度及粉尘浓度为单一变量,试验分析采集设备在不同粉尘浓度和不同光照强度下的最佳采集模式及环境敏感性程度。并通过理论分析及现场试验论证近红外光线成像技术在克服隧道恶劣环境的可行性,确定了最佳红外获取波段。(2)运用数码图像处理技术,研究岩体图像的增强及信息获取。利用点运算层次的图像灰度变换处理及直方图均衡化研究了掌子面图像对比度增强方式;利用群运算层次的空域滤波增强方法实现岩体图像噪声去除,最终完成图像质量增强,凸显岩体结构面信息特征。在结构面信息提取方向,实践了多种边缘检测方法,并根据检测边缘完成了自动及手动修正,实现结构面边缘的提取。(3)通过图像特征提取技术,完成岩体结构面长度、宽度、倾角基本信息统计分析,并以隧道径向RQD为基础构建隧道岩体空间各向异性评价体系,实现围岩空间结构特性划分,为围岩锚固支撑相关参数。(4)利用MATLAB编程语言建立地下工程岩体信息快速编录及围岩分级软件系统。基于图像处理技术,实现了隧道掌子面岩体图像增强、地质信息提取与统计分析、引入岩石力学进行围岩快速分级、利用隧道径向RQD建立隧道空间各向异性评价体系等功能实现,并依托济南浆水泉隧道完成了工程应用。
[Abstract]:In tunnel and underground engineering, the stability analysis and quality evaluation of rock mass is an important part in the process of design, planning and safe construction of geotechnical engineering, and the geological information of rock mass is the basis of rock mass stability analysis and safety evaluation. The traditional method of rock mass information acquisition is faced with problems such as untimely and low efficiency. However, the new digital acquisition method of rock mass structure plane information has obvious advantages in the process of rock mass geological information collection, such as convenience, rapidity and data preservation. However, in the process of acquisition, the tunnel also faces dark light, dusty and other harsh environmental conditions, resulting in the lack of clear structure information images. In the face of the above problems, through the study of optimization of rock mass structure plane information acquisition and extraction analysis method, This paper studies and summarizes the environmental sensitivity of collecting equipment and the optimum acquisition mode of rock mass structure plane under the complicated environment of tunnel. Based on the dark tunnel and dust environment, the environmental monitoring instrument is used to quantify the parameters of temperature, humidity, brightness and dust concentration in the field, and to control the intensity of light and the concentration of dust as a single variable, respectively. The optimum collection mode and environmental sensitivity of the collection equipment under different dust concentration and different light intensity were analyzed. The feasibility of near infrared ray imaging technology in overcoming the bad environment of tunnel is proved by theoretical analysis and field test. The best infrared acquisition band is determined. Digital image processing technology is used to study the enhancement and information acquisition of rock mass images. The contrast enhancement method of palm face image is studied by using gray transformation and histogram equalization of point operation level, and the noise removal of rock mass image is realized by spatial filtering enhancement method of group operation level, and the image quality enhancement is finally completed. The information characteristics of rock mass structure plane are highlighted. In the direction of structure plane information extraction, several edge detection methods are put into practice, and the automatic and manual correction is completed according to the detection edge, and the extraction of structural plane edge is realized by means of image feature extraction technology, and the length and width of rock mass structural plane are completed. Based on the statistical analysis of the basic information of inclination angle, and based on the radial RQD of tunnel, the spatial anisotropy evaluation system of tunnel rock mass is constructed to divide the spatial structure characteristics of surrounding rock mass. For surrounding rock Anchorage bracing related parameters. 4) using MATLAB programming language to establish the software system of rapid cataloguing of rock mass information and classification of surrounding rock mass in underground engineering. Based on the image processing technology, the image enhancement of tunnel face rock mass, the extraction and statistical analysis of geological information, and the introduction of rock mechanics to the rapid classification of surrounding rock are realized. The function of tunnel spatial anisotropy evaluation system is established by using radial RQD of tunnel, and the engineering application of Jinan Jishuiquan tunnel is completed.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U452.12;TP391.41

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