桥梁结构测试技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 01:25

本文选题：桥梁检测 + 应变测试　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：桥梁作为交通运输的咽喉,时刻左右着公路的生命。尽管随着技术的发展和进步,桥梁的设计理论以及计算方法都发生了重大的改变,但对于工程质量而言,仍然有许多不确定性因素存在,对于新建的桥梁可以通过桥梁试验检测了解其施工质量和结构的受力性能,为桥梁的竣工验收提供有效的技术资料;而对于既有的旧桥也可以通过试验检测掌握其使用性能和承载能力,为桥梁的养护与加固提供可靠的资料。应变作为桥梁测试中最主要的测试量之一,虽然在以往的桥梁应变测试中已有很多种应变测试方法,但是在实际应变测量过程中,还存在很多问题难以解决,HJ型应变测量传感器就可以解决目前桥梁结构应变测试中的一系列问题。本文针对HJ型应变测量传感器进行研究,分析其基于双悬臂梁结构的工作原理与工作特性,从理论上验证了这种双悬臂梁结构用于制作应变测量传感器的可行性及其优点。通过混凝土标准试件对比试验,验证了传感器测试结果的准确性;通过一系列特性试验验证了传感器具有良好的工作性能,给出了温度修正公式、长导线修正公式以及传感器灵敏度的调控方法等。通过工程实例介绍了HJ型应变测量传感器在工程中的一系列应用。该传感器可用于实桥荷载试验中的应变测试以及裂缝变化监测;可用于石拱桥拱圈应变测试;可用于试验梁的开裂荷载监测;可用于平面应变测试;可用于钢绞线应变测试;可用于桥梁结构动态应变的测试;可用于钢桥塔模型屈曲荷载的监测;可用于应力释放法中有效预应力的测试;可用于施工中的应变监测等。该传感器有效地解决了结构工程应变测试技术中的许多问题。
[Abstract]:Bridge, as the throat of transportation, affects the life of highway at all times. Although the design theory and calculation methods of bridges have changed greatly with the development and progress of technology, there are still many uncertain factors for engineering quality. For the newly built bridges, the construction quality and the mechanical performance of the structures can be understood through the bridge test and inspection, and the effective technical data can be provided for the completion and acceptance of the bridges. For the existing old bridges, the performance and bearing capacity of the old bridges can also be grasped through testing and testing, which can provide reliable data for the maintenance and reinforcement of the bridges. Strain is one of the most important measurements in bridge testing. Although there have been many methods of strain measurement in the past, but in the process of actual strain measurement, There are still many problems which are difficult to solve and can solve a series of problems in the strain measurement of bridge structure. In this paper, the HJ strain measurement sensor is studied, and its working principle and characteristics based on double cantilever beam structure are analyzed. The feasibility and advantages of the double cantilever structure for making strain measurement sensor are verified theoretically. The accuracy of the sensor test results is verified by the contrast test of concrete standard specimen, the good working performance of the sensor is verified by a series of characteristic tests, and the temperature correction formula is given. Long traverse correction formula and sensor sensitivity control methods and so on. A series of applications of HJ strain sensor in engineering are introduced through engineering examples. The sensor can be used for strain test and crack change monitoring in real bridge load test, strain test for arch ring of stone arch bridge, crack load monitoring for test beam, plane strain test, strain test for steel strand; It can be used to test dynamic strain of bridge structure, to monitor buckling load of steel bridge tower model, to test effective prestress in stress release method, to monitor strain in construction, etc. The sensor has effectively solved many problems in structural engineering strain measurement technology.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U446

【引证文献】