高速公路中央分隔带充填式活动护栏研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 15:52

本文选题：活动护栏 + 碰撞初速度　；参考：《河北工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：高速公路中央分隔带开口是维持高速公路正常运营的必须设施,在开口处设置活动护栏对于交通事故救援及车辆疏导至关重要。但目前国内中央分隔带开口活动护栏的防护能力明显不足,因此在满足活动性能的前提下,分析其防护能力就具有巨大的研究价值。本论文提出基于工字钢式连接和嵌套式连接的两种活动护栏模型,并通过护栏与实尺寸车辆模型的碰撞模拟仿真,验证了两种新型活动护栏的防护能力满足我国安全评价标准。论文主要工作如下:(1)提出了两种活动护栏模型,并进行碰撞模拟仿真分析。采用隐式非线性有限元方法,基于碰撞规范中Am级护栏防护性能的要求,建立了工字钢式和嵌套式两种活动护栏及车辆的有限元模型,利用LS-DYNA软件进行护栏与车辆的碰撞仿真研究。计算结果显示,两种护栏均能满足安全标准,但护栏损坏程度不同。在后处理分析中,对比两种护栏与车辆碰撞后得到的车辆运行轨迹图、车辆及护栏变形、车辆加速度等参数,最终选取嵌套式活动护栏作为中央分隔带开口处护栏的最优护栏模型。(2)针对嵌套式活动护栏与车辆的碰撞仿真模型,研究不同碰撞参数对活动护栏防护性能的影响。针对60km/h、65km/h、70km/h、75km/h、80km/h等初始速度和10°、15°、20°、25°、30°等碰撞角度,研究不同初始速度和不同碰撞角度对护栏防护能力的影响。计算结果显示,随着初速度和碰撞角度的增大,碰撞过程中护栏吸收的能量就越大,虽然护栏整体变形区别并不明显,但护栏的最大变形量会增加。本论文虽然在仿真过程中存在一定的误差,但仍然对中央分隔带开口处活动护栏的研究具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:The opening of the central separation zone is the necessary facility to maintain the normal operation of the expressway. It is very important to set up the movable guardrail at the opening for the traffic accident rescue and vehicle diversion. However, at present, the protective ability of the movable guardrail in the central separator is obviously insufficient, so it is of great research value to analyze the protective ability of the barrier on the premise of satisfying the activity performance. In this paper, two kinds of movable guardrail models based on I-steel connection and nested connection are put forward. Through the collision simulation between the guardrail and the real size vehicle model, it is verified that the protection ability of the two new types of movable guardrail meets the safety evaluation standards of our country. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) two kinds of movable guardrail models are proposed, and the collision simulation analysis is carried out. Based on the requirement of the protection performance of am guardrail in the crash code, an implicit nonlinear finite element method is used to establish the finite element models of two kinds of movable guardrails and vehicles, I. e., I-steel type and nested type. The collision simulation between guardrail and vehicle is carried out by using LS-DYNA software. The results show that the two kinds of guardrails can meet the safety standard, but the damage degree of guardrail is different. In the post-processing analysis, the vehicle track diagram, vehicle and guardrail deformation, vehicle acceleration and other parameters obtained from the collision between the two guardrails and vehicles are compared. Finally, the nested movable guardrail is selected as the optimal guardrail model for the opening barrier of the central separator. (2) aiming at the impact simulation model between the nested movable guardrail and the vehicle, the effects of different collision parameters on the protective performance of the movable guardrail are studied. The effects of different initial velocities and different impact angles on barrier protection were studied for 60km / h 65km / h 70km / h 75km / h 80km / h and 10 掳15 掳/ 20 掳/ 20 掳/ 25 掳/ 30 掳impact angle. The results show that with the increase of the initial velocity and the impact angle, the energy absorbed by the guardrail will increase. Although the difference of the whole deformation of the guardrail is not obvious, the maximum deformation of the guardrail will increase. Although there are some errors in the process of simulation, this paper still has some reference value for the study of the movable barrier at the opening of the central separator.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U417.12

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