瓶颈路段道路交通流特性及通行能力研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 05:32

本文选题：瓶颈路段 + 交通流　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于道路条件限制、道路施工、匝道汇入及不良的“慢速”驾驶行为等事件的影响,在城市的各个区段会产生交通瓶颈路段,这些交通瓶颈将会对城市交通产生负面的影响。交通瓶颈路段往往道路特征简单但交通情况复杂,驾驶员的驾驶行为选择及换道对瓶颈路段通行能力均会产生较大的影响。本文以自由、强制换道的通行能力计算为基础,以实测数据标定参数的微观仿真模型为工具,研究瓶颈路段驾驶员的驾驶行为选择及静动态瓶颈对城市交通的影响。首先通过对瓶颈路段换道形式的划分,通过将主线车头间距划分为自由换道及强制换道两种形式。理论分析两种换道对主线交通流的影响,得出基于可插入间隙的可容纳自由换道数量及自由换道距离函数,和基于速度—密度函数的主线理想交通量函数。这两种换道形式共同决定了瓶颈路段的通行能力,在两函数基础上基于自由换道长度固定的假设条件下得出静态瓶颈路段理想通行能力函数。其次,提出基于换道的瓶颈路段交织区计算方法,分析瓶颈路段交织区与快速路交织区的区别和联系。从自由换道长度角度,分析瓶颈路段交织区对瓶颈路段通行能力的影响,得出以瓶颈路段交织区长度为自变量的瓶颈路段通行能力函数。再次,以静态瓶颈路段理想通行能力函数为基础,建立相对坐标系将慢车形成的动态瓶颈转化为相对静态瓶颈,分析相对坐标系中的交通流参数,建立相对坐标系条件下动态瓶颈理想通行能力函数。通过对现有微观仿真软件及其核心模型的分析对比选出适合瓶颈路段的交通仿真软件,通过现实数据对交通流各项参数进行标定。以标定参数的交通流为基础对论文中的各项函数进行仿真对比,验证函数的可靠性
[Abstract]:Due to the influence of road conditions, road construction, ramp confluence and bad "slow speed" driving behavior, traffic bottlenecks will occur in all sections of the city, which will have a negative impact on urban traffic. Traffic bottleneck sections are usually characterized by simple characteristics but complicated traffic conditions. Drivers' driving behavior and changing roads will have a greater impact on the capacity of the bottleneck sections. Based on the calculation of the capacity of free and compulsory change of lanes and the microscopic simulation model of measured calibration parameters, this paper studies the driver's driving behavior selection of bottleneck section and the influence of static and dynamic bottlenecks on urban traffic. Firstly, through the division of the bottleneck road changing form, the main line headway distance is divided into two forms: free change and forced change. Based on the theoretical analysis of the influence of the two kinds of changes on the main line traffic flow, the number and distance function of the freely interchangeable lane and the ideal traffic volume function of the main line based on the velocity density function are obtained based on the pluggable gap. The capacity of the bottleneck section is determined by these two ways together, and the ideal capacity function of the static bottleneck section is obtained on the basis of the assumption that the free changing length is fixed. Secondly, the paper proposes a new method to calculate the interleaving area of the bottleneck section based on the change of track, and analyzes the difference and relation between the interleaving area of the bottleneck section and the interleaving area of the expressway. From the angle of free change of road length, this paper analyzes the influence of the intertwined zone of bottleneck section on the capacity of bottleneck section, and obtains the capacity function of bottleneck section with the length of interwoven zone of bottleneck road as independent variable. Thirdly, based on the ideal capacity function of the static bottleneck section, the relative coordinate system is established to transform the dynamic bottleneck formed by the slow train into the relative static bottleneck, and the traffic flow parameters in the relative coordinate system are analyzed. The ideal capacity function of dynamic bottleneck in relative coordinate system is established. Through the analysis and comparison of the existing microcosmic simulation software and its core model, the traffic simulation software suitable for the bottleneck section is selected, and the traffic flow parameters are calibrated by the actual data. Based on the traffic flow of calibrated parameters, the functions in this paper are simulated and compared to verify the reliability of the functions.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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