除冰雪蓄盐沥青混合料的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 09:50

本文选题：蓄盐沥青路面 + 除冰雪　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：冬季道路出现凝冰积雪会降低路面的附着系数,严重影响车辆的行驶安全,每年由于凝冰积雪问题导致经济损失达上亿元。为清除道路上冰雪,通常采用的方法是撒布融雪剂、人工或机械清除法,撒布融雪剂可有效地清除冰雪,但对环境的污染较为严重;人工或机械清除法易对道路的结构产生破坏。分析我国道路除冰雪研究现状,提出了一种蓄盐融冰雪沥青路面,通过自主研制缓释蓄盐集料,添加到沥青混合料中,通过盐分析出降低路面表面水的冰点,从而达到抑制路面结冰和自主融化冰雪的目的。本文采用不同种类的改性外加剂对菱镁水泥进行改性,进而提高菱镁水泥的耐水性,提高蓄盐集料的强度。针对蓄盐沥青路面使用年限短的问题,研制出不同材料组成的缓释材料,提高盐分的缓释性能,得出掺入H3BO3和(NaPO3)6的缓释材料与有机缓释剂具有较好的缓释效果。对比不同蓄盐集料替换率下的混合料路用性能表明:在最佳油石比的条件下,随着蓄盐集料替换率的增大,蓄盐沥青混合料的高温性能、低温性能、水稳定性都有所降低,当蓄盐集料替换率为20%时,残留稳定度不能满足规范要求,在最佳蓄盐集料替换率时(15%),高温、低温和水稳定性都能满足要求。基于盐分溶析试验,通过配制不同质量浓度的NaCl溶液,测定电导率,作出蓄盐沥青混合料盐分溶析检测标准线,根据该标准线测试不同蓄盐集料替换率制作的马歇尔试件溶液电导率,计算出NaCl溶液的质量浓度,估算盐分析出量,可知最佳替换率下的蓄盐集料拌合的沥青混合料盐分析出持久性较好。采用自然融雪试验和冰冻观测试验评价蓄盐沥青混合料的融冰雪效果,结果表明:当蓄盐集料为最佳替换率时,蓄盐沥青混合料24h内融雪效果较不掺加蓄盐材料的混合料好,蓄盐沥青混合料6h的融冰效果较不掺加蓄盐材料的混合料好。分析蓄盐沥青路面与普通沥青路面的性价比可知,使用相同的沥青,相同的混合料级配,铺筑蓄盐沥青路面性价比较高。
[Abstract]:In winter, the road icy snow will reduce the road adhesion coefficient, and seriously affect the driving safety of vehicles. The economic losses due to the problem of freezing snow cover amount to hundreds of millions of yuan each year. In order to clear the snow and ice on the road, the usual methods are dispersal snow melting agent, artificial or mechanical clearing method, which can effectively remove the snow and ice, but the pollution to the environment is more serious. Manual or mechanical removal is liable to damage the structure of the road. Based on the analysis of the present research situation of road snow and ice removal in China, this paper puts forward a kind of bituminous pavement with salt storage and melting ice, which can be added to the asphalt mixture by developing the slow-release salt storage aggregate, and the freezing point of reducing the surface water of the pavement is obtained by salt analysis. Thus, the purpose of restraining road icing and independently melting ice and snow is achieved. In this paper, different kinds of modified admixtures are used to modify magnesite cement in order to improve the water resistance of magnesite cement and the strength of salt storage aggregate. Aiming at the problem of short service life of salt storage asphalt pavement, the slow release materials composed of different materials are developed to improve the slow-release properties of salt, and the results show that the slow release materials and organic sustained-release agents mixed with H3BO3 and NaPO3H6 have better slow-release effect. Compared with the pavement performance of the mixture with different salt storage aggregate replacement ratio, it is shown that the high temperature performance, low temperature performance and water stability of the salt storage asphalt mixture decrease with the increase of the salt storage aggregate replacement ratio under the condition of the optimum oil stone ratio. When the replacement rate of salt storage aggregate is 20, the residual stability can not meet the requirements of the specification. At the best replacement rate of salt storage aggregate, it can meet the requirements of high temperature, low temperature and water stability. Based on the salt solution-out test, the standard line of salt-storage asphalt mixture salting-out detection was made by preparing the NaCl solution of different mass concentration and measuring the electrical conductivity of the salt storage asphalt mixture. According to the standard line, the conductivity of Marshall sample made with different salt storage aggregate replacement ratio was measured, the mass concentration of NaCl solution was calculated, and the salt analysis quantity was estimated. The results show that the salt of the asphalt mixture mixed with the salt storage aggregate under the best replacement ratio has a good durability. The ice and snow melting effect of salt storage asphalt mixture is evaluated by natural melting snow test and freezing observation test. The results show that when salt storage aggregate is the best replacement rate, the snow melting effect of salt storage asphalt mixture within 24 hours is better than that without salt storage material. The ice melting effect of salt storage asphalt mixture for 6 hours is better than that of the mixture without salt storage material. By analyzing the performance-price ratio of salt storage asphalt pavement and ordinary asphalt pavement, it can be known that using the same asphalt and the same mixture gradation, the performance price ratio of paving salt storage asphalt pavement is higher.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U414

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