拥堵交通流分配和道路网络容量计算理论与方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 14:31

本文选题：道路网络容量 + 需求交通量　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：交通拥堵是大城市交通运行的必然产物。在拥堵状态下,路段的行驶时间随着路段流量的减少而增加,与传统的阻抗模型认为行驶时间与流量是正相关关系的结论相反。因此,有必要建立拥堵条件下的阻抗函数,研究拥堵道路网用户平衡交通流分配问题,以完善交通流分配理论,为相关交通仿真软件开发、研究交通拥堵的传播机制和交通规划等工作提供理论参考。城市路网容量描述道路网对交通需求的处理能力,是度量道路交通网络运行能力的一个关键指标。双层规划模型是求解城市路网容量问题的经典模型,模型以最大承载交通量为规划目标并综合考虑了各路段物理通行能力限制和用户平衡交通分配问题。本文将拥堵道路网用户平衡交通流分配方法引入城市路网容量双层模型,丰富了城市道路网容量研究理论体系,为城市道路交通规划管理与控制工作提供了一个新的思路。本文总结和综述了国内外研究现状,研究思路为:首先,分析拥堵状态下的交通流运行特征,提出描述拥堵状态下的路段的行驶时间和路段流量的拥堵路抗函数,并基于此研究完全拥堵道路网络的用户均衡交通流分配问题。其次,将路段畅通和路段拥堵的阻抗函数合并起来构建拓展的路阻函数,提出路段需求交通量和路段通过交通量概念并用这两者之间的关系来描述路段畅通或者拥堵的状态,并基于此研究畅通和拥堵并存的道路网络用户均衡交通分配问题。然后,构建求解道路网络容量的双层规划模型,上层是一个极大的通过交通量的模型,下层是一个畅通和拥堵并存的道路网络用户均衡交通流分配模型。最后,将论文提出的模型在一个小型道路网上进行算例分析,得到了小型道路网的容量计算值,算例分析的主要结论有:①解释了经典模型存在的对道路网容量估计偏小的问题。②得出的道路网需求交通量和通过交通量的变化趋势与实际交通现象相符。
[Abstract]:Traffic congestion is the inevitable outcome of traffic operation in big cities. Under the condition of congestion, the driving time increases with the decrease of traffic flow, which is contrary to the conclusion that the travel time is positively correlated with the flow rate in the traditional impedance model. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the impedance function under the condition of congestion, study the problem of user equilibrium traffic flow assignment in congested road network, in order to perfect the theory of traffic flow assignment, and develop the related traffic simulation software. The study of traffic congestion propagation mechanism and traffic planning provides theoretical reference. The capacity of urban road network describes the ability of road network to deal with traffic demand, which is a key index to measure the operation ability of road traffic network. The bilevel programming model is a classical model for solving the problem of urban road network capacity. The model takes the maximum carrying capacity as the planning goal and considers the physical capacity limitation of each section and the problem of user equilibrium traffic assignment. In this paper, the method of user equilibrium traffic flow allocation in congested road network is introduced into the double layer model of urban road network capacity, which enriches the theoretical system of urban road network capacity research and provides a new idea for urban road traffic planning management and control. This paper summarizes and summarizes the current research situation at home and abroad. The research ideas are as follows: firstly, the characteristics of traffic flow in congested state are analyzed, and the congestion resistance function is proposed to describe the driving time and traffic flow in congested road. Based on this, the problem of user equilibrium traffic assignment in completely congested road networks is studied. Secondly, combining the impedance function of the unblocked section and the congestion function to construct the extended road resistance function, the concept of traffic volume and traffic volume is put forward and the relationship between them is used to describe the smooth or congested state of the road. Based on this, the problem of road network user equilibrium traffic assignment is studied. Then, a bilevel programming model is constructed to solve the capacity of road network. The upper layer is a traffic volume model, and the lower layer is a traffic flow allocation model with smooth and congested users. Finally, the proposed model is analyzed in a small road network, and the capacity of the small road network is calculated. The main conclusions of the example analysis are as follows: 1 explains the problem of small capacity estimation of road network in the classical model. 2. The change trend of traffic demand and traffic volume through road network is consistent with the actual traffic phenomenon.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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