城市BRT系统专用道与站点设计研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 19:49

本文选题：BRT系统 + 专用道　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济实力的增长,城市公共交通发展取得了巨大的进步。近几年来,为了缓解交通拥堵的压力,满足城市居民对提高公共交通服务水平的需求,越来越多的城市开始规划建设BRT系统。而作为BRT系统重要的组成部分,BRT专用道与站点的实际规划建设情况并不规范。一些运营BRT系统的城市存在着专用道设置类型不符合路段实际道路条件、专用道利用率过低、站台规模设计不规范以及BRT站间距离的设定主观性过强等问题。这些问题不仅严重影响了BRT系统的运行效率,也加剧了其他社会车辆的出行拥堵,对城市居民的出行也带来了困扰。因此对BRT专用道与站点的规划设计展开研究分析具有重要的现实意义。论文首先简要地阐述了BRT系统的基本内涵与组成,为论文后续问题的分析提供理论支持。然后探讨了BRT专用道设置的影响因素,并针对我国城市BRT专用道设置类型不规范的现象将专用道分为路中式专用道、路侧式专用道等五个类型,对各类型专用道的适用性与优缺点加以比较,为城市在实际规划中如何选择专用道类型提供了参考。其次针对我国城市目前存在的BRT专用道利用率过低的现象,提出了一种以GPS定位检测技术为手段的分路段区域的间歇式路权法来提高BRT专用道的利用率。之后通过平均行驶时间与客流通过能力两个指标来分析专用道的交通效益,为设置专用道是否能够取得良好的效果提供决策支持。进一步,运用数学公式从自动售票设备数量、站台长度、站台宽度、停车位尺寸与数量等方面进行站点规模的设计,并结合实际案例进行了计算。最后通过建立基于BRT系统总成本最小的站间距优化模型来得出一条BRT线路最合理的平均站间距,为城市在规划建设BRT系统时对站间距的设定提供了科学可靠的理论支持。
[Abstract]:With the growth of China's economic strength, the development of urban public transport has made great progress. In recent years, in order to relieve the pressure of traffic congestion and meet the needs of urban residents to improve the level of public transport services, more and more cities began to plan and build BRT system. As an important part of BRT system, the actual planning and construction of BRT lanes and stations are not standardized. In some cities where the BRT system is operated there are some problems such as the setting type of special lanes does not accord with the actual road conditions the utilization ratio of special lanes is too low the design of platform scale is not standardized and the subjectivity of setting distance between BRT stations is too strong. These problems not only seriously affect the efficiency of BRT system, but also aggravate the travel congestion of other social vehicles. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study and analyze the planning and design of BRT lanes and stations. Firstly, the basic connotation and composition of BRT system are briefly described, which provides theoretical support for the analysis of the following problems. Then it discusses the factors influencing the setting of BRT special lanes, and divides the special lanes into five types, namely, Chinese special lanes and roadside special lanes, aiming at the phenomenon of non-standard setting type of BRT special lanes in Chinese cities in our country. The applicability, advantages and disadvantages of different types of private lanes are compared, which provides a reference for how to choose the types of private lanes in urban planning. Secondly, in view of the phenomenon that the utilization rate of BRT lanes is too low in Chinese cities, an intermittent road right method based on GPS location detection technology is proposed to improve the utilization ratio of BRT lanes. After that, the traffic efficiency of the special lane is analyzed by the two indexes of average driving time and passenger flow passing capacity, and the decision support is provided for whether the special lane can achieve good results. Furthermore, the design of the station size is carried out from the aspects of the number of automatic ticket selling equipment, platform length, platform width, parking space size and quantity by using mathematical formula, and the calculation is carried out in combination with practical cases. Finally, by establishing the optimal model of station spacing based on the minimum total cost of BRT system, the most reasonable average station spacing of a BRT line is obtained, which provides a scientific and reliable theoretical support for the setting of station spacing in the planning and construction of BRT system.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17

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