高速公路隧道条件下异常事件影响的模拟研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 09:08

本文选题：高速公路隧道 + 异常事件　；参考：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于高速公路隧道作为路段的特殊构造物具有与开放路段不同的特点,易于发生交通异常事故,一旦发生事故由于其救援难度较大,使得整个路段的安全性及通行能力均会受到影响。当隧道发生异常事故,交通管理者对其发展的趋势不能明确掌握,因此对高速公路隧道条件下典型情况的异常事件的模拟能够让交通管理者直观的了解事件的发展趋势,为交通管理者在以后处理相似事件情况提供支持。目前国内外对于异常事件的影响分析的研究对象多是基于城市路网以及高速公路基本路段等,而以隧道作为研究对象,对交通异常事件的影响进行分析的情况较少,本文选取渝武路北碚隧道作为研究对象,运用Trans Modeler对典型事件产生的影响进行模拟。针对隧道的特殊性对隧道交通异常事件特征进行分析,基于交通事件的基本属性对隧道的影响进行分析,建立相应模型对典型事件进行模拟并对效果进行分析。具体内容包括:①针对高速公路隧道的特殊性,对高速公路隧道的行车环境特点、隧道车辆行驶特点、驾驶员生理心理变化特点进行分析,为模型输入中的路段属性和驾驶员行为提供支持;对隧道异常事件在时间和空间上的分布特征进行了分析,为典型事件场景选取提供了依据。②针对高速公路隧道异常事件的基本属性对高速公路隧道的影响进行了分析。分析不同事件属性情况下交通流基本参数(流量、速度、占有率)在时间上的变化情况和变化持续的时间,以及异常事件的影响范围在空间上的传播特性,分析表明异常事件的发生对交通流基本参数会产生变化。③针对隧道这一特殊环境对模拟方案进行设计,首先运用Trans Modeler建立隧道模拟模型,给出了模拟参数预处理方法,并利用交通流参数的变化规律特点对模型输入和模型输出进行了设计。其次根据隧道异常事件时空分布特性选取了不同的典型事件场景,并对不同场景进行模拟分析,根据相对误差绝对值等评价指标,分析并对比了模型效果。应用结果表明:论文建立的上述模拟方法能够实现对典型事件场景的模拟,模拟的结果符合真实道路事件后的交通演化情况,既能模拟交通流随时间的变化,又能模拟排队长度在道路空间上的变化,证实了模拟方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:As the special structure of highway tunnel is different from the open section, it is easy to occur abnormal traffic accidents. Once the accident occurs, it is difficult to rescue. The safety and capacity of the whole section will be affected. When an abnormal accident occurs in a tunnel, the traffic manager can not clearly grasp the trend of its development, so the simulation of the unusual event in the typical situation under the condition of the highway tunnel can make the traffic manager know the developing trend of the event directly. Provide support to traffic managers in handling similar incidents at a later date. At present, the research object of the influence analysis of abnormal events at home and abroad is mostly based on the urban road network and the basic section of highway, but the tunnel is taken as the research object, the impact of the traffic abnormal events is less. In this paper, Beibei Tunnel of Yuwu Road is selected as the research object, and Trans Modeler is used to simulate the influence of typical events. According to the particularity of tunnel, the characteristics of tunnel traffic abnormal events are analyzed. Based on the basic properties of traffic events, the influence of tunnel is analyzed, and the corresponding model is established to simulate the typical events and analyze the effects. The specific contents include: according to the particularity of expressway tunnel, the characteristics of driving environment, driving characteristics of tunnel vehicles, physiological and psychological changes of drivers are analyzed. It provides support for the road attribute and driver behavior in model input, and analyzes the distribution characteristics of tunnel abnormal events in time and space. This paper provides a basis for the selection of typical event scene and analyzes the influence of the basic attributes of the abnormal event in expressway tunnel on the expressway tunnel. This paper analyzes the changes in time and duration of traffic flow basic parameters (flow, speed, occupancy) under different event attributes, as well as the propagation characteristics of the influence range of abnormal events in space. The analysis shows that the occurrence of abnormal events will change the basic parameters of traffic flow. 3. For the special environment of tunnel, the simulation scheme is designed. Firstly, Trans Modeler is used to establish the tunnel simulation model, and the preprocessing method of simulation parameters is given. The model input and model output are designed according to the characteristics of traffic flow parameters. Secondly, different typical event scenarios are selected according to the time-space distribution characteristics of tunnel abnormal events, and different scenarios are simulated and analyzed, and the effects of the model are analyzed and compared according to the evaluation indexes such as the absolute value of relative error. The application results show that the above simulation method can simulate the typical event scene, and the simulation results accord with the traffic evolution after real road events, which can simulate the change of traffic flow with time. The variation of queue length in road space can also be simulated, which proves the effectiveness of the simulation method.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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