地震作用下连续梁桥横向碰撞效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 11:18

本文选题：连续梁 + 限位装置　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：文章在总结归纳国内外有关桥梁横向碰撞效应和限位装置研究的基础上,对地震作用下连续梁桥横向碰撞效应以及碰撞对桥梁整体结构性能的影响进行了研究,为连续梁桥的防落梁措施提供了一定的理论依据。主要研究内容和成果如下:(1)总结了桥梁结构的震害类型以及一些横向碰撞导致桥梁破坏的实例。介绍了国内外有关桥梁横向碰撞研究所取得的成果及现状,总结了桥梁横向碰撞的特点。(2)详细介绍了用于模拟桥梁结构横向碰撞的两种方法(恢复系数法和接触单元法)以及常用的几种碰撞模型,并对这几中模型的优缺点进行了对比。最终,通过对比采用接触单元法的Kelvin模型来模拟碰撞,这一模型既能够模拟碰撞过程中的碰撞力的变化并考虑碰撞中的能量损失,在有限元分析时也能够较容易的实现。(3)介绍了用于桥墩模拟分析的非线性模型(杆系模型和纤维模型)。对用于分析的武田三线性模型的参数进行了说明,并通过截面分析软件UC-Fyber对桥墩截面的特性进行了分析,得出了截面的一些特性值。介绍了桥梁工程中常用的一些抗震支座(橡胶支座、摩擦摆支座及抗震球形钢支座),并对各种支座的恢复力模型进行了简单介绍。对本文研究所采用的摩擦摆支座的参数进行了详细介绍。(4)以位于宝兰客运专线上的社棠渭河大桥为实际工程背景,采用Midas/Civil建立有限元模型,建模过程中考虑了支座和桥墩的非线性。研究了限位装置的刚度、初始间隙和阻尼对连续梁桥抗震性能的影响。结果表明:限位装置的刚度越大,桥墩的内力需求越大,碰撞力随刚度的增大而增大;初始间隙对碰撞力的影响不明确;阻尼会使桥墩的内力需求增大,但由于阻尼能够消耗碰撞过程中的能量,从而使碰撞力有一定程度的减小。(5)通过采用两种不同的支座,建立了无限位装置和有限位装置两种有限元模型,并对两种模型下桥梁的地震响应进行了对比,进一步分析了限位装置对桥梁整体结构抗震性能的影响。研究发现:限位装置会使桥梁结构的刚度增大,在提高桥梁安全性方面能够起到非常大的作用。
[Abstract]:On the basis of summing up the research on lateral impact effect and limit device of bridge at home and abroad, this paper studies the transverse collision effect of continuous beam bridge under earthquake and the impact of collision on the whole structure performance of bridge. It provides a certain theoretical basis for the measures of preventing falling beam of continuous beam bridge. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) the earthquake damage types of bridge structure and some examples of bridge damage caused by transverse collision are summarized. This paper introduces the achievements and present situation of the research on transverse collision of bridges at home and abroad. The characteristics of transverse impact of bridges are summarized. (2) two methods (restoration coefficient method and contact element method) and several commonly used collision models are introduced in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of these models are compared. Finally, the Kelvin model of contact element method is used to simulate the collision, which can simulate the change of collision force and consider the energy loss during collision. It is also easy to realize in finite element analysis. (3) the nonlinear model (rod system model and fiber model) used for bridge pier simulation analysis is introduced. The parameters of Takeda trilinear model used for analysis are explained, and the characteristics of pier section are analyzed by UC-Fyber, and some characteristic values of section are obtained. This paper introduces some commonly used aseismic supports (rubber bearing, friction pendulum support and seismic spherical steel bearing) in bridge engineering, and briefly introduces the restoring force models of various kinds of bearings. The parameters of friction pendulum bearing used in this paper are introduced in detail. (4) taking the Huitang Weihe Bridge located on Baolan passenger dedicated Line as the practical engineering background, the finite element model is established by Midas / Civil. In the process of modeling, the nonlinearity of support and pier is considered. The effects of stiffness, initial clearance and damping on seismic behavior of continuous beam bridges are studied. The results show that the greater the stiffness of the limit device, the greater the demand for the internal force of the pier, and the greater the impact force is with the increase of the stiffness, the effect of the initial clearance on the impact force is not clear, and the damping will increase the demand for the internal force of the pier. However, because damping can consume energy in the process of collision, the collision force is reduced to a certain extent. (5) by adopting two different supports, two finite element models of infinite and finite position devices are established. The seismic response of the bridge under the two models is compared, and the influence of the limit device on the seismic performance of the whole bridge structure is further analyzed. It is found that the stiffness of the bridge structure will be increased by the location-limiting device, which can play a very important role in improving the safety of the bridge.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U442.55

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