济南道路交通与城市热岛效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 17:21

本文选题：城市热岛 + 混合像元　；参考：《山东建筑大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：道路交通网络信息是地理信息系统重要的数据组成部分,同时也是城市发展过程中数量和规模更新最快的地理信息。道路交通的发展推进了城市经济的发展,便利了人们的出行,然而,下垫面为不透水面性质的道路网络使得城市的热力环境大大改变,道路表面的高温使得城市热岛的效应加剧,对人们的生活环境造成了一定的影响。关于道路对城市热岛效应的影响,前人主要将道路作为不透水面对城市热岛效应的影响进行研究,本文将道路单独作为一种影响因素,研究道路交通网络和城市热岛的关系。本文首先总结了前人对于高清分辨率影像道路的分割和提取方法,建立了高清分辨率影像道路提取的一般流程,在此基础上,综合应用了数学形态学和面向对象的方法对济南市高清分辨率影像进行了自动提取。通过对照原始高清分辨率影像数据表明,利用此方法进行高清分辨率影像道路提取具有较高的精度,且速度快,可行性强。其次,利用单窗算法进行城市地表温度的反演。本研究提出利用混合像元线性分解的方法计算地表像元的比辐射率,然后分别利用NDVI经验公式计算出的比辐射率和混合像元线性分解计算出的比辐射率进行城市地表温度的反演,最后分别对两种方法反演的结果进行了对比分析,研究表明,利用混合像元线性分解方法得到的比辐射率进行地表温度反演具有更高的可信度。最后利用高清分辨率影像反演出的道路结合济南市道路温度网数据,以不同尺度的格网对道路数据和地表温度数据进行划分,研究道路交通网络和城市热岛之间的关系。研究表明,城市地表温度和道路密度呈正相关关系。
[Abstract]:Road traffic network information is an important part of geographic information system (GIS), and it is also the fastest updating geographic information in the process of urban development. The development of road traffic has promoted the development of urban economy and facilitated the travel of people. However, the road network with impervious surface has greatly changed the thermal environment of the city. The high temperature of the road surface intensifies the effect of urban heat island, which has a certain impact on people's living environment. As to the influence of road on urban heat island effect, the former people mainly studied the influence of road as impermeable water to urban heat island effect. In this paper, the road is considered as a kind of influence factor, and the relationship between road traffic network and urban heat island is studied. Firstly, this paper summarizes the methods of road segmentation and extraction for high-resolution image, and establishes the general process of road extraction in high-resolution image. In this paper, mathematical morphology and object-oriented method are used to extract the high-definition resolution image of Jinan. Comparing with the original high-resolution image data, it is shown that the method has high accuracy, high speed and high feasibility. Secondly, the single window algorithm is used to retrieve the urban surface temperature. In this study, the method of linear decomposition of mixed pixels is proposed to calculate the specific emissivity of surface pixels. Then the specific emissivity calculated by NDVI empirical formula and the specific emissivity calculated by linear decomposition of mixed pixel are used to invert the urban surface temperature. Finally, the results of the two methods are compared and analyzed. The specific emissivity obtained by the linear decomposition method of mixed pixel is more reliable for the inversion of surface temperature. Finally, the road data and surface temperature data of Jinan City are divided by using high-definition resolution image and road temperature net data, and the relationship between road traffic network and urban heat island is studied. The results show that there is a positive correlation between urban surface temperature and road density.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491;X16

【参考文献】