城市快速路合理限速区间研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 13:18

本文选题：快速路 + 离散性　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市快速路作为城市道路的重要组成部分之一,与主干路、次干路、支路一起构成道路交通网络,服务城市交通。快速路是城市内的高速道路,而日益严重的交通拥堵问题也逐渐困扰其交通的运行,如何提高快速路的通行效率、减少拥堵的产生成为交通领域比较关注的问题。而快速路的合理限速区间的制定可以实现道路行车安全、通行高效以及缓解交通拥堵的目的。因此,本文旨在研究城市快速路的合理限速标准区间,为快速路的限速实施提供依据和参考。基于交通调查数据,对城市快速路基本路段的流量、速度、车型组成、事故情况等进行了统计分析,得到了快速路交通流分布特征,提出了速度的离散性含义,定义了三种速度离散性描述方法:速度标准差、邻车速度差和85%与15%位车速差。为后文分析城市快速路速度离散性对交通事故以及对道路通行能力的影响奠定基础。通过分析跟驰车辆速度差值与车辆安全间距模型,可知速度离散性越大、车辆行驶需要的安全间距越大,因此减小城市快速路车辆的速度离散度,能提高车辆行驶的安全性。国内外研究成果表明,速度离散性与交通事故率存在函数关系;通过对实测数据的速度离散性指标与事故率进行数据拟合,得到了各速度离散性指标与事故率的函数模型。借助事故率容忍值确定了不同安全水平下城市快速路速度离散性的容忍值,并进行影响分析,证明模型的有效性。速度离散对通行能力的影响方面,建立了邻车速度标准差对通行能力的修正系数模型,分析速度离散对通行能力的影响,得出在相同的交通流密度下,速度离散性越小,对实际通行能力的影响就越小的结论。从高峰和平峰两个时段分别建立约束模型,基于安全性、舒适性、通行能力建立了最高限速模型,考虑速度离散的安全性指标确定快速路最低限速值,并给出不同设计速度下的快速路最低和最高限速标准推荐值,确定了快速路合理的限速区间。最后给出快速路基本路段的可变限速实施策略,为快速路限速的实施提出一种可行性方案。
[Abstract]:As one of the important parts of urban road, urban expressway, together with trunk road, secondary trunk road and branch road, constitutes road traffic network and serves urban traffic. The expressway is the high-speed road in the city, and the increasingly serious traffic congestion problem is also gradually perplexing the operation of its traffic. How to improve the efficiency of the expressway and reduce the generation of congestion has become a more concerned problem in the traffic field. The establishment of reasonable speed limit of expressway can achieve the purpose of road safety, high efficiency and traffic congestion alleviation. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the reasonable speed limit standard interval of the urban expressway, and to provide the basis and reference for the speed limit implementation of the expressway. Based on the traffic survey data, the traffic flow, speed, vehicle type composition and accident situation of the basic section of the urban expressway are statistically analyzed, and the characteristics of the traffic flow distribution on the expressway are obtained, and the discrete meaning of the speed is put forward. Three description methods of velocity discreteness are defined: speed standard deviation, adjacent speed difference and velocity difference of 85% and 15%. It lays a foundation for the analysis of the influence of the speed dispersion of urban expressway on traffic accidents and road capacity. By analyzing the model of vehicle speed difference and vehicle safety distance, it can be seen that the greater the speed dispersion, the greater the safety distance required for vehicle driving. Therefore, reducing the speed dispersion of urban expressway vehicles can improve the safety of vehicle driving. The research results at home and abroad show that there is a functional relationship between the speed discreteness and the traffic accident rate, and the function model of the speed discreteness index and the accident rate is obtained by fitting the speed dispersion index and the accident rate of the measured data. The tolerance value of speed dispersion of urban expressway under different safety level is determined by means of the tolerance value of accident rate, and the influence analysis is carried out to prove the validity of the model. In terms of the influence of speed dispersion on capacity, the modified coefficient model of the standard deviation of adjacent vehicle speed to capacity is established, and the influence of speed dispersion on capacity is analyzed. It is concluded that the smaller the speed dispersion is under the same traffic density, the smaller the speed dispersion is. The smaller the impact on actual capacity, the smaller the conclusion. The maximum speed limit model is established from two periods of peak and peak, and the maximum speed limit model is established based on safety, comfort and capacity. The minimum speed limit of expressway is determined by considering the discrete safety index of speed. At the same time, the recommended values of the lowest and the highest speed limit of the expressway under different design speeds are given, and the reasonable speed limit interval of the expressway is determined. Finally, the variable speed limit implementation strategy of the basic section of the expressway is given, and a feasible scheme for the speed limit implementation of the expressway is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

【参考文献】