盾构刀具的切削机理分析及多目标优化设计

发布时间：2018-07-09 12:38

本文选题：盾构机 + 刀具　；参考：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：盾构机是集机械、电气、液压、测量、控制和岩土等多种学科技术于一体的大型掘进设备,刀盘刀具是其关键部件,易磨损失效。到目前为止,刀具的岩土层适应性设计方面还缺少完整的分析依据,在刀具的可靠性和寿命等预估方面依旧处于起步阶段;同时,虽然目前CAE技术已广泛应用于刀盘刀具设计工作,但是计算有效性和效率一直成为其相关数字化设计领域的瓶颈问题。因此,本文基于上述相关问题的广泛调研和分析,设计并制作了盾构实验平台,运用欧拉-拉格朗日耦合法(CEL法)对刀具切削机理及影响因素进行了研究,并结合遗传算法对滚刀刀刃进行了多目标优化设计,所获得的主要研究成果如下:(1)基于盾构掘进技术要求和指标,设计并制作了土压平衡盾构平台;(2)运用牛顿定律,对盾构刀具岩土切削机理进行了深入分析,得到了切刀和滚刀受力模型;(3)基于欧拉-拉格朗日耦合法(CEL法),建立了刀盘刀具掘进的有限元模型,试验结果验证了计算模型的有效性和结果精确度;(4)基于CEL法的有限元计算模型,对刀具切削过程进行了分析,获得了切刀和滚刀切削力的主要影响因素为切刀前刃角、切刀圆弧半径、切深,其中切深的影响最大,而切削速度影响较小;滚刀刀刃宽度增加,切削力随之增加,刀刃圆弧半径越大,切削力越大;刀刃角增大,破碎岩石量迅速增加,磨损增加,而切削速度影响较小。(5)结合遗传算法,对滚刀的结构参数进行多目标(磨损量和轴承支撑力)优化,得到了17寸滚刀作用于红砂岩时的最优解,减小了轴承受力,降低了滚刀的磨损量,理论计算结果验证了该优化模型和遗传算法求解该模型的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The shield machine is a large excavating equipment integrating various disciplines such as mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, measurement, control and rock and soil. The cutter plate tool is its key component, and it is easy to wear and failure. So far, the adaptability design of the rock and soil layer of the cutter is still lacking a complete analysis basis, and is still in the predictor of the reliability and life of the cutter. At the beginning stage, at the same time, although CAE technology has been widely used in cutting tool design, the effectiveness and efficiency of calculation have been a bottleneck in the field of digital design. Therefore, based on the extensive investigation and analysis of the related problems mentioned above, a shield experiment platform is designed and made, and Euler Lagrange is used. The coupling method (CEL method) has studied the cutting mechanism and the influencing factors of the cutter, and combined the genetic algorithm to the multi-objective optimization design of the hob blade. The main research results are as follows: (1) based on the requirements and indexes of the shield tunneling technology, the earth pressure balance shield platform is designed and made, and (2) the shield tool rock is used by Newton's law. The mechanism of soil cutting is deeply analyzed, and the force model of cutter and hob is obtained. (3) based on Euler Lagrange coupling method (CEL method), the finite element model of cutting tool cutting tool is established. The test results verify the validity and result accuracy of the calculation model. (4) the cutting process of cutting tool is carried out by the finite element calculation model based on the CEL method. The main factors affecting the cutting force of the cutter and hob are the cutting edge angle before the cutter, the radius of the cutting arc and the depth of cutting, and the cutting depth has the greatest influence, but the cutting speed has little influence; the blade width increases, the cutting force increases, the greater the radius of the arc, the greater the cutting force, the increase of the blade angle and the rapid increase of the broken rock. The wear increases and the cutting speed has little effect. (5) combining the genetic algorithm, the multi-objective (wear and bearing support force) of the structural parameters of the hob are optimized. The optimal solution of the 17 inch hob on the red sandstone is obtained, the bearing force of the shaft is reduced and the grinding loss of the hob is reduced. The theoretical calculation results verify the optimization model and the genetic algorithm. The feasibility and effectiveness of the model are solved.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455.39

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