基于直方图对比TRT图像识别技术的隧道超前地质预报综合判别方法

发布时间：2018-07-09 13:28

本文选题：隧道超前地质预报 + TRT　；参考：《北京交通大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于地质环境的复杂性,隧道在开挖过程中经常会遇到与初期设计不符的不良地质体,容易发生突水、垮塌等事故,对隧道的正常施工和相关人员生命财产安全造成巨大的威胁,因此对隧道开展超前地质预报,为施工人员提供掌子面前方的准确地质情况,指导其安全施工就显得势在必行。现有的各种隧道超前地质预报技术都存在各自的限制,因此开展综合超前地质预报已成为业界共识,但传统的研究缺少对现有预报技术特别是成果判别技术的改进。本文依托贵州的多条实际隧道项目,做了如下工作：通过研读前人的相关文献和总结自身工作经验,归纳了贵州中北部隧道建设过程中常见的地质灾害类型和典型的岩溶病害形式,得出了破碎带和溶洞是该区域最常见的不良地质体类型,垮塌和涌水是该区域隧道建设最常见的地质灾害类型的结论。通过试验改良了TRT(隧道反射层析成像法)仪器操作和数据处理时的某些步骤,得出了导致TRT图像位置异常的原因是波速的选取不当的结论,并提出了对应的解决方法,总结了不同不良地质体的TRT图像特征。通过分析TRT的图像特征选取了HSV颜色直方图对比法来对TRT图像进行计算机图像识别,可以通过输出匹配度的方式对溶洞和破碎带加以区分,实际检验效果良好。通过综合模糊层次分析法将人工图像判别、计算机图像判别和地质资料进行了有机结合,探索了基于单一预报手段的综合判别方法,提升了TRT的预报准确度,为之后地质预报工作的开展提供了指导。
[Abstract]:Due to the complexity of the geological environment, the tunnel will often encounter undesirable geological bodies which are not in accordance with the initial design during the excavation process, and are prone to water inrush, collapse and other accidents. It poses a great threat to the normal construction of the tunnel and the safety of the life and property of the relevant personnel, so it is imperative to carry out advance geological forecast for the tunnel, to provide the accurate geological conditions in front of the face for the construction personnel, and to guide the safe construction of the tunnel. The existing advanced geological prediction technology for tunnels has its own limitations, so it has become a consensus in the industry to carry out comprehensive advanced geological prediction. However, the traditional research lacks the improvement of the existing prediction technology, especially the result discrimination technology. Based on many actual tunnel projects in Guizhou, this paper has done the following work: through the study of previous relevant documents and summary of their own work experience, The common types of geological hazards and typical karst diseases in the construction of tunnels in central and northern Guizhou are summarized. It is concluded that the broken zone and karst cave are the most common types of bad geological bodies in this area. Collapse and water gushing are the most common types of geological hazards in tunnel construction in this region. Some steps in the operation and data processing of TRT (Tunnel reflection Tomography) instrument are improved through experiments. It is concluded that the reason for the abnormal position of TRT image is the improper selection of wave velocity, and the corresponding solution is put forward. The characteristics of TRT images of different bad geological bodies are summarized. By analyzing the image features of TRT, HSV color histogram contrast method is selected to recognize the TRT image by computer. The cavities and broken bands can be distinguished by the way of output matching, and the practical results are good. The artificial image discrimination, computer image discrimination and geological data are organically combined by comprehensive fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and a comprehensive discriminant method based on a single prediction method is explored to improve the accuracy of TRT prediction. It provides guidance for the development of geological prediction.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U452.11

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