基于EDR技术及人体损伤的交通事故深度调查和分析研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 03:42

本文选题：EDR + 计算机仿真　；参考：《重庆理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：统计数据显示十多年来中国交通事故死亡人数一直位居全球前列。而发生重大交通事故,导致高死亡的最主要的场所就是在高速路上。对于这样的结果,专家认为驾驶员缺乏安全意识、法制观念淡薄是主要原因;比如在高速路上倒车是一种极度危险,危害公共安全的违法行为,后果相当严重。可是,目前在中国的高速路上,尤其是下道口附近,这种违法倒车的行为屡见不鲜。对这类高速公路交通事故进行准确的事故重建分析,在责任认定、保险索赔、人体损伤防护、完善道路交通管理及相关法律法规等方面具有重要意义[1]。我国交通法规虽然规定禁止高速公路上倒车的行为,但是由于驾乘人员安全意识淡漠,在高速路上不少驾驶员因路况不熟悉、或开小差而导致驶过下道口;本应行驶至前面的下道口掉头行驶,但为了节省时间或节约燃料,抱着侥幸心理而冒险采取倒车方式,而导致事故的发生。事故发生后,双方当事人各执一词,如何进行责任认定便是最大的难题。因此,如何确定前车是否为倒车,如何利用现有资料、技术解决高速公路上倒车问题尤为重要。有些高速公路倒车事故在有路面监控视频、车辆行车记录仪的情况下是很容易确定的;但是很多高速公路倒车事故中是没有任何监控及行车记录仪的,基于此,我们引入汽车EDR数据结合人体损伤、PC-Crash计算机仿真软件对事故发生前后车辆的行驶速度及行驶状态进行分析研究,还原事故真相。本研究在交通事故深度调查的基础上,筛选出两例典型的高速道路上的事故进行分析。通过对人体损伤进行分析,发现了典型的、严重的挥鞭样损伤。同时引入EDR数据进行深入分析,采用PC-Crash计算机仿真技术,结合动量守恒定律、人体损伤生物力学等方法对事故进行还原。通过对典型案例的事故重建,深入探讨如何运用综合的分析方法还原事故真相;通过对典型案例的人体损伤分析,研究事故中人员伤情机制,为交通事故人体损伤分析及防护提供真实可靠的研究数据。
[Abstract]:Statistics show that the death toll from traffic accidents in China has been among the highest in the world for more than a decade. The most important place for high-death accidents is on highways. For such results, experts believe that the driver's lack of safety awareness, weak legal sense is the main reason; for example, reversing on the highway is an extremely dangerous, public safety violations, the consequences are quite serious. At present, however, in China's highways, especially near the lower road crossing, this illegal reverse behavior is common. It is of great significance to analyze the exact accident reconstruction of this kind of expressway traffic accident in the aspects of liability determination, insurance claim, human body injury protection, improvement of road traffic management and related laws and regulations [1]. Although the traffic regulations of our country prohibit the behavior of reversing on the freeway, but because of the indifferent safety consciousness of the drivers, many drivers on the highway are not familiar with the road condition, or deserting, which leads to driving through the lower crossing. It was supposed to turn around at the lower crossing in front, but in order to save time or fuel, we took the risk of reversing the car in order to save time or fuel, which led to the accident. After the accident, both parties insist on their own words, how to identify the responsibility is the biggest problem. Therefore, how to determine whether the front car is reverse or not, how to use the existing data, how to solve the problem of reversing on highway is particularly important. Some freeway reverse accidents are easy to determine when there are road surveillance videos and vehicle traffic recorders, but many freeway reverse accidents do not have any monitoring and CarLog, based on this. In this paper, we introduce EDR data and PC-Crash computer simulation software to analyze the speed and state of the vehicle before and after the accident, so as to restore the truth of the accident. Based on the investigation of traffic accident depth, two typical high-speed road accidents were selected and analyzed. The typical and severe whiplash injury was found through the analysis of human body injury. At the same time, EDR data are introduced to analyze deeply, PC-Crash computer simulation technology, combined with momentum conservation law, biomechanics of human injury and other methods to reduce the accident. Through the reconstruction of typical cases, how to use the comprehensive analysis method to restore the truth of the accident, and through the analysis of the human body damage of the typical cases, the mechanism of human injury in the accident is studied. To provide real and reliable data for human injury analysis and protection in traffic accidents.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.31

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