山区高速公路景观对安全驾驶的作用机理研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 12:25
【摘要】：随着时代的发展,人们对交通的需求已不再局限于其运输功能上,道路景观、行车环境等因素越来越多的受到人们的关注,更希望道路景观与道路本身相互融合,营造出舒适美观的道路行车环境。舒适美观的行车环境不仅能给驾驶员带来轻松的驾驶环境,还能通过景观的变化对驾驶员进行刺激,保证行车安全。目前的研究仅停留在高速公路景观、安全驾驶的独立层面,而没有对二者的关联关系进行深入分析,不能适应驾驶员的需求。基于此,本文立足于高速公路景观与安全驾驶的关联关系,进行了相关研究,建立了高速公路景观与安全驾驶指标之间的函数关系模型,并提出了景观与安全驾驶的研究体系。文章针对目前在道路景观和安全驾驶方面研究的不足,首先在分析山区高速公路景观、动态景观特点的基础上,梳理出了道路景观的不同分类及其特点,并着重阐述了山区高速公路的景观特点,为后景观研究奠定了理论基础;其次重点分析了道路景观对安全驾驶的影响,详述了驾驶员的动态视觉感知特性,认识到驾驶员的注意力会随外部环境的变化而变化的现象,提出了保持外部景观变化处于最佳范围时,外界景观的刺激能够让驾驶员保持良好的精神状态,从而保证安全驾驶,避免发生事故的观点;文章第四章为本文的创新点,分别从客观、主观两个层面对山区高速公路的景观变化进行量化,客观上以静态图片为基础,分别采用LBP、景观布局、宏观色彩三种方法,得到了静态图片的纹理绝对差、结构相对值和色彩绝对值,主观上以动态视频为基础,采用专家打分法对动态视频进行打分;最后,通过进行驾驶模拟实验获得了驾驶员的心率变化曲线,并将四种方法得到的数据与驾驶员心率的变化进行回归分析,发现LBP、景观布局、专家打分法得到的结果与驾驶员心率变化存在关联关系,进而构建了心率与三组数据之间的模型关系,得到了当景观的变化值增大时,驾驶员的心率会出现明显的上升趋势,即增加道路景观中的变化点,可以有效对驾驶员进行刺激,进而降低了交通事故发生的可能性,保证行车安全的结论。
[Abstract]:With the development of the times, people's demand for traffic is no longer limited to its transportation function. More and more people pay attention to the factors such as road landscape, driving environment and so on. Create a comfortable and beautiful driving environment. The comfortable and beautiful driving environment can not only bring easy driving environment to the driver, but also stimulate the driver through the change of landscape to ensure the driving safety. The current research only stays in the highway landscape, the safe driving independent level, but does not carry on the thorough analysis to the two correlation relations, cannot meet the driver's demand. Based on this, based on the relationship between expressway landscape and safe driving, this paper studies the relationship between landscape and safe driving, establishes the functional model of expressway landscape and safety driving index, and puts forward the research system of landscape and safe driving. Aiming at the deficiency of the research on road landscape and safe driving at present, firstly, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of highway landscape and dynamic landscape in mountainous area, this paper sorts out the different classification and characteristics of road landscape. The landscape characteristics of expressway in mountainous area are expounded emphatically, which lays a theoretical foundation for the research of post-landscape. Secondly, the influence of road landscape on safe driving is analyzed, and the dynamic visual perception characteristics of drivers are described in detail. Recognizing that drivers' attention varies with the change of the external environment, and suggesting that when maintaining the optimal range of external landscape changes, the stimulation of the external landscape can enable the driver to maintain a good mental state and thus ensure safe driving, The fourth chapter is the innovation of this paper, which quantifies the landscape changes of highway in mountainous area from objective and subjective aspects, and adopts LBP, landscape layout, which is based on static picture. Three methods of macro color are obtained, such as absolute difference of texture, relative value of structure and absolute value of color, subjectively based on dynamic video, using expert scoring method to score dynamic video. The change curve of the driver's heart rate was obtained by the driving simulation experiment, and the regression analysis between the data obtained by the four methods and the change of the driver's heart rate was carried out, and the LBP, landscape layout was found. The results obtained by the expert scoring method are related to the heart rate change of the driver, and the model relationship between the heart rate and the three groups of data is constructed. It is concluded that when the change value of the landscape increases, the heart rate of the driver will appear an obvious upward trend. That is to say, increasing the change points in the road landscape can stimulate drivers effectively, thus reducing the possibility of traffic accidents and ensuring the safety of driving.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.25
本文编号：2119364
[Abstract]:With the development of the times, people's demand for traffic is no longer limited to its transportation function. More and more people pay attention to the factors such as road landscape, driving environment and so on. Create a comfortable and beautiful driving environment. The comfortable and beautiful driving environment can not only bring easy driving environment to the driver, but also stimulate the driver through the change of landscape to ensure the driving safety. The current research only stays in the highway landscape, the safe driving independent level, but does not carry on the thorough analysis to the two correlation relations, cannot meet the driver's demand. Based on this, based on the relationship between expressway landscape and safe driving, this paper studies the relationship between landscape and safe driving, establishes the functional model of expressway landscape and safety driving index, and puts forward the research system of landscape and safe driving. Aiming at the deficiency of the research on road landscape and safe driving at present, firstly, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of highway landscape and dynamic landscape in mountainous area, this paper sorts out the different classification and characteristics of road landscape. The landscape characteristics of expressway in mountainous area are expounded emphatically, which lays a theoretical foundation for the research of post-landscape. Secondly, the influence of road landscape on safe driving is analyzed, and the dynamic visual perception characteristics of drivers are described in detail. Recognizing that drivers' attention varies with the change of the external environment, and suggesting that when maintaining the optimal range of external landscape changes, the stimulation of the external landscape can enable the driver to maintain a good mental state and thus ensure safe driving, The fourth chapter is the innovation of this paper, which quantifies the landscape changes of highway in mountainous area from objective and subjective aspects, and adopts LBP, landscape layout, which is based on static picture. Three methods of macro color are obtained, such as absolute difference of texture, relative value of structure and absolute value of color, subjectively based on dynamic video, using expert scoring method to score dynamic video. The change curve of the driver's heart rate was obtained by the driving simulation experiment, and the regression analysis between the data obtained by the four methods and the change of the driver's heart rate was carried out, and the LBP, landscape layout was found. The results obtained by the expert scoring method are related to the heart rate change of the driver, and the model relationship between the heart rate and the three groups of data is constructed. It is concluded that when the change value of the landscape increases, the heart rate of the driver will appear an obvious upward trend. That is to say, increasing the change points in the road landscape can stimulate drivers effectively, thus reducing the possibility of traffic accidents and ensuring the safety of driving.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.25
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