高速公路合流影响区车辆运行建模和仿真分析

发布时间：2018-07-20 10:10

【摘要】：随着我国经济水平的日益发展,机动车拥有量以及道路交通需求急剧增加,高速公路在公路运输中的作用越来越受到重视。而在高速公路的各个组成部分中,合流影响区的高效和安全运行显得尤为重要。因此,研究高速公路合流影响区的车辆运行行为,分析其交通流运行特性,对于提高高速公路系统的安全性和高效性,具有重要的理论意义。本文旨在从微观驾驶行为的角度,对合流影响区车辆的跟驰行为和换道行为进行分析,并以此为基础,探讨合流区交通运行特性以及加速车道的长度对匝道合流情况带来的影响。论文首先介绍了高速公路合流影响区几何构造,并分析了合流影响区的车流运行特点。再则,对合流影响区车辆的跟驰换道特性以及交通流特性主要影响因素进行了分析。在此基础上,通过分析合流影响区不同车道上车辆运行时与周围环境(如周围车辆、加速车道末端等)的作用机理,将主线基本路段跟驰换道模型进行拓展和改进,建立了适用于合流影响区车辆的微观运行模型。最后,本文通过仿真分析,探讨了匝道车流和主线车流间的相互影响关系,发现当匝道或主线流量增大时,主线交通流扰动性增强,不能成功合流的车辆数增多。通过分析慢车比例与合流失败车辆数的关系,发现随着慢车比例的增加,合流失败的车辆数增加。通过分析加速车道长度与匝道流量的关系,发现合流成功车辆数量与加速车道的长度成正相关关系,且加速长度增加到一定值时,合流成功的车辆数不再增加。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy in our country, the amount of motor vehicle and the demand of road traffic increase rapidly, and the function of highway in highway transportation is paid more and more attention. Among the components of freeway, the efficient and safe operation of the confluence affected area is very important. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance for improving the safety and efficiency of expressway system to study the vehicle operation behavior and analyze the characteristics of traffic flow in the affected area of freeway confluence. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the car-following behavior and the change of lane behavior of vehicles in the confluence affected area from the angle of micro-driving behavior, and on this basis, The traffic characteristics and the influence of the length of the accelerating lane on the converging of the ramp in the confluence zone are discussed. Firstly, the geometry structure of the confluence affected area is introduced, and the characteristics of the traffic flow in the confluence zone are analyzed. Furthermore, the following and changing characteristics of vehicles in the confluence zone and the main factors affecting the traffic flow characteristics are analyzed. On this basis, by analyzing the action mechanism of vehicles running in different lanes and surrounding environment (such as surrounding vehicles, accelerating lane ends, etc.) in the confluence affected area, the main line basic section of road is extended and improved with the model of car-changing. The microscopic operation model of the vehicle in the confluence affected area is established. Finally, through the simulation analysis, this paper discusses the interaction between the ramp traffic flow and the main line traffic flow. It is found that when the ramp or the main line flow increases, the main line traffic flow disturbance is enhanced, and the number of vehicles that can not successfully converge is increased. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the proportion of slow trains and the number of converging failed vehicles, it is found that with the increase of the proportion of slow trains, the number of vehicles failing in confluence increases. By analyzing the relationship between lane length and ramp flow, it is found that there is a positive correlation between the number of successful vehicles and the length of acceleration lane, and when the acceleration length is increased to a certain value, the number of successful vehicles will not increase.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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