公路梁桥高阻尼隔震橡胶支座适用性研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 06:22

【摘要】：近年来,中国新建桥梁陆续开始采用减隔震支座,其中高阻尼隔震橡胶支座(HDR)既具有良好的耗能能力又经济环保,同时安装及检修更换方便,具有广阔的发展前景。目前,学者们对高阻尼隔震橡胶支座的工作机理、设计参数、计算公式、耐久性等方面进行了大量的理论和试验研究,并取得了一些很有价值的研究成果。但高阻尼隔震橡胶支座在实际工程中的应用还很少,对该类支座参数的选择及设计尚不完善,不利于高阻尼隔震橡胶支座的推广和应用。本论文依托陕西省交通运输厅科研项目(13-21K):梁式桥抗震构造措施的优化研究,主要结合公路桥涵标准图,通过数值模拟建立有限元模型,一方面采用不同等级地震时程对不同桥梁进行了动力时程分析,研究了标准跨径的箱梁和T梁在不同桥墩高度、场地土类型、地震烈度和特征周期变化条件下,采用高阻尼隔震橡胶支座后桥梁结构的地震响应变化规律,研究结果表明:高阻尼隔震橡胶支座的采用使得中墩和边墩共同受力,一起分担地震作用。随着桥墩高度5m~40m的变化,桥梁结构的支座位移、墩底弯矩整体上呈先增大后减小的规律,当桥墩高度较低时增幅较大,随着墩高的增加增幅趋缓。随着场地土类型I~IV的变化,桥梁结构的支座位移、墩底弯矩等地震响应值不断增大。随着地震烈度6度~9度的变化,桥梁结构的支座位移、墩底弯矩等地震响应值也不断增大。另一方面根据已有支座参数表的计算结果表明,高烈度区软弱场地土条件下,支座位移普遍超过支座的容许位移,部分甚至超过了极限位移。鉴于以上支座位移超限现象,本论文以支座位移值为控制目标,首先对超限支座增加支座刚度,然后结合限位装置与连梁装置控制过大位移的发生,完善高阻尼隔震橡胶支座参数选用表。本论文研究成果预期能够促进已有支座抗震规范的不断完善,同时满足实际工程的设计要求,适应我国目前减隔震支座发展的需要,为高阻尼隔震橡胶支座的抗震设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, newly built bridges in China have started to adopt shock isolation bearings, among which (HDR) with high damping isolation rubber bearings not only has good energy dissipation capacity but also is economical and environmental friendly. At the same time, it is convenient to install, repair and replace, and has a broad prospect of development. At present, scholars have carried out a lot of theoretical and experimental studies on the working mechanism, design parameters, calculation formulas and durability of high damping rubber bearings, and some valuable research results have been obtained. However, the application of high damping isolation rubber bearings in practical engineering is still few, and the selection and design of such bearing parameters are not perfect, which is not conducive to the popularization and application of high damping isolation rubber bearings. Based on the research project of Shaanxi Provincial Transportation Department (13-21K): the optimization of seismic construction measures of beam bridges, the finite element model is established by numerical simulation combined with the standard map of highway bridges and culverts. On the one hand, the dynamic time-history analysis of different bridges is carried out by using different earthquake time histories, and the box girder and T-beam with standard span are studied under the conditions of different piers height, site soil type, earthquake intensity and periodic variation of characteristic. The seismic response of bridge structure with high damping isolation rubber bearing is studied. The results show that the adoption of high damping isolation rubber bearing makes the middle pier and side pier bear the same force and share the earthquake action together. With the change of pier height 5m~40m, the support displacement and bending moment of bridge structure increase first and then decrease. When the height of pier is lower, the increase is larger, and the increase is slower with the increase of pier height. With the change of site soil type I~IV, the seismic response values of bridge structure such as support displacement, pier bottom bending moment and so on are increasing. With the change of seismic intensity of 6 degrees and 9 degrees, the support displacement of bridge structure, the bending moment of pier bottom and other seismic response values are also increasing. On the other hand, according to the calculation results of the existing support parameter tables, it is shown that under the condition of soft soil in the high intensity region, the displacement of the bearing generally exceeds the allowable displacement of the bearing, and some even exceeds the limit displacement. In view of the phenomenon that the displacement of the above support exceeds the limit, this paper takes the displacement value of the support as the control target, firstly increases the stiffness of the support, then combines the limit device and the connecting beam device to control the occurrence of the excessive displacement. Improve the selection of high damping rubber bearing parameters. The research results of this paper are expected to promote the continuous improvement of the existing seismic code for bearings, and to meet the design requirements of practical projects, and to meet the needs of the development of seismic isolation bearings in China at present. It provides a reference for the seismic design of high damping rubber bearing.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U442.55;U443.361

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