山区公路典型行驶轨迹特性及驾驶行为模式研究
发布时间：2018-07-27 19:02
【摘要】：在我国现代化建设的快速发展下,公路总里程和车辆保养量日渐增大,道路交通运输业取得举世瞩目的成就。与此同时,道路交通事故一直是我国安全生产事故的最大源头,死亡人数占全国各类安全生产事故总数的比例逐年增长。据统计,我国2014年交通事故死亡人数为342万人,万车死亡率为2.22人。交通安全领域一直把车辆运行速度作为主要研究方向,也取得一定成果,然而仅仅考虑速度这一单因素是远远不够的。在线形不合理的弯道路段上,驾驶员倾向于选择更“舒适”的路径而导致出现严重的轨迹偏差,资料表明,车辆行驶轨迹与道路线形的吻合度不高会增加事故发生的概率,行驶轨迹的特性研究对于弯道路段交通事故的成因分析以及安全治理有重大意义。为了深入探讨道路交通系统中各要素对行驶轨迹的影响机理,本文针对重庆地区若干低等级山区复杂公路,以试验研究为手段,以公路弯道路段行驶轨迹为研究对象,重点分析了不同道路线形条件和不同类型驾驶员(驾驶行为模式)下的行驶轨迹特性及其变化规律;进一步,对采集到的弯道路段轨迹数据进行聚类分析,分别定义每一类驾驶行为模式并讨论该类驾驶人的行为动机;最后,在此基础上,提出并建立了基于行驶轨迹的低等级山区公路弯道路段驾驶行为谱系。本文设计了一种连续路段行驶轨迹数据采集试验方法,定义并使用轨迹侧向偏移率的概念来反映车辆在行车道上的相对位置,可为后续的相关研究工作提供一定思路;论文中不同道路条件下的行驶轨迹特性研究发现,弯道半径、转角、弯道长度和行驶方向是影响行驶轨迹的重要因素,重点分析了行驶轨迹随以上几个参数的变化规律,其结果可为弯道路段线形改造、车速限速值制定、事故预测、交通安全设施设置和道路运营管理等提供有效依据;在不同驾驶行为模式的研究中,提出了弯道路段行驶轨迹阶段分析法,即将车辆弯道行驶过程分为几个阶段,分别讨论每个阶段的轨迹类型;最后建立的驾驶行为谱系则可丰富驾驶行为研究领域的内容,并可为驾驶员模型的完善提供一定参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modernization in China, the total mileage and vehicle maintenance are increasing day by day, and the road transportation industry has made remarkable achievements. At the same time, road traffic accidents have always been the biggest source of safety accidents in China, and the proportion of deaths in the total number of safety accidents in China has been increasing year by year. According to statistics, the death toll of traffic accidents in China in 2014 is 3.42 million, and the death rate of ten thousand vehicles is 2.22. In the field of traffic safety, vehicle speed has been regarded as the main research direction, and some achievements have been made. However, it is far from enough to consider the single factor of speed. In the unreasonable curve section, the driver tends to choose a more "comfortable" path, resulting in a serious trajectory deviation. The data show that the mismatch between the vehicle trajectory and the road alignment will increase the probability of accidents. The study of the characteristics of the traffic track is of great significance to the analysis of the cause of the traffic accident and the safety treatment of the bend road. In order to probe into the influence mechanism of every element in the road traffic system on the driving track, this paper aims at some complex highways in the low grade mountainous area in Chongqing area, takes the experimental study as the means, and takes the track of the road bend section as the research object. In this paper, the characteristics and variation of driving trajectory under different road alignment conditions and different drivers (driving behavior modes) are analyzed, and the collected curve track data are analyzed by cluster analysis. Each driving behavior model is defined and the driving motivation of this kind of driver is discussed. Finally, a driving behavior pedigree of low grade mountain road bends based on driving trajectory is proposed and established. In this paper, we design a method to collect and test the track data of continuous road, define and use the concept of trajectory lateral deviation rate to reflect the relative position of the vehicle on the carriageway, which can provide some ideas for the related research work in the future. In this paper, it is found that the radius, angle, length and direction of the curve are the important factors affecting the driving trajectory. The variation of the trajectory with the above parameters is analyzed emphatically. The results can provide an effective basis for the alignment modification of curved sections, the formulation of speed limits, the prediction of accidents, the setting of traffic safety facilities and the management of road operations, etc. In the study of different driving behavior patterns, In this paper, the phase analysis method of the curve track is proposed, which divides the vehicle curve driving process into several stages and discusses the trajectory types of each stage, and the driving behavior pedigree can enrich the research field of driving behavior. It can provide some reference for the improvement of driver model.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.25
本文编号：2148848
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modernization in China, the total mileage and vehicle maintenance are increasing day by day, and the road transportation industry has made remarkable achievements. At the same time, road traffic accidents have always been the biggest source of safety accidents in China, and the proportion of deaths in the total number of safety accidents in China has been increasing year by year. According to statistics, the death toll of traffic accidents in China in 2014 is 3.42 million, and the death rate of ten thousand vehicles is 2.22. In the field of traffic safety, vehicle speed has been regarded as the main research direction, and some achievements have been made. However, it is far from enough to consider the single factor of speed. In the unreasonable curve section, the driver tends to choose a more "comfortable" path, resulting in a serious trajectory deviation. The data show that the mismatch between the vehicle trajectory and the road alignment will increase the probability of accidents. The study of the characteristics of the traffic track is of great significance to the analysis of the cause of the traffic accident and the safety treatment of the bend road. In order to probe into the influence mechanism of every element in the road traffic system on the driving track, this paper aims at some complex highways in the low grade mountainous area in Chongqing area, takes the experimental study as the means, and takes the track of the road bend section as the research object. In this paper, the characteristics and variation of driving trajectory under different road alignment conditions and different drivers (driving behavior modes) are analyzed, and the collected curve track data are analyzed by cluster analysis. Each driving behavior model is defined and the driving motivation of this kind of driver is discussed. Finally, a driving behavior pedigree of low grade mountain road bends based on driving trajectory is proposed and established. In this paper, we design a method to collect and test the track data of continuous road, define and use the concept of trajectory lateral deviation rate to reflect the relative position of the vehicle on the carriageway, which can provide some ideas for the related research work in the future. In this paper, it is found that the radius, angle, length and direction of the curve are the important factors affecting the driving trajectory. The variation of the trajectory with the above parameters is analyzed emphatically. The results can provide an effective basis for the alignment modification of curved sections, the formulation of speed limits, the prediction of accidents, the setting of traffic safety facilities and the management of road operations, etc. In the study of different driving behavior patterns, In this paper, the phase analysis method of the curve track is proposed, which divides the vehicle curve driving process into several stages and discusses the trajectory types of each stage, and the driving behavior pedigree can enrich the research field of driving behavior. It can provide some reference for the improvement of driver model.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.25
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