多出入口城市公路隧道烟流控制及人员疏散模式研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 19:01

【摘要】：为了缓解城市交通压力,完善城市交通功能,城市公路隧道在城市交通建设中得到了广泛的应用。城市公路隧道具备城市交通特点,具体表现为出入口多、朝夕交通拥堵、车流量大等,故城市公路隧道内火灾发生的概率、火灾规模、火灾发展规律、烟流控制及人员疏散模式均与非城市区公路隧道有较大区别,因此,有必要对多出入口城市公路隧道火灾进行研究。论文以杭州紫之隧道为工程依托,采用理论分析、数值模拟、随机仿真等方法对多出入口城市公路隧道烟流控制及人员疏散模式进行了系统的分析,并将研究成果应用于依托工程中,本文的研究工作主要体现在以下几个方面:1、通过对城市公路隧道火灾事故进行资料调研,分析了城市隧道火源特性,结合理论计算与数值模拟的方法探明了城市公路隧道内各类型车辆的引燃规律。2、采用随机仿真方法,综合考虑火灾危险性与火灾发生频率,确定了多出入口城市公路隧道初次引燃火灾场景。进而通过火灾数值模拟对多出入口城市公路隧道火灾发展规律进行研究,得到了隧道内火灾规模发展曲线。3、基于多出口城市隧道带匝道、带竖井、带横通道的结构特点,通过不同结构对烟流扩散及人员疏散的影响机理分析,得到了多出入口城市隧道烟流控制及人员疏散模式及相应的控制标准。4、提出了多出入口城市公路隧道火灾工况下排烟分区的划分原则,基于通风网络理论获得了依托工程火灾通风系统的风机配置方案及风机控制方案。5、采用FDS火灾数值模拟和人员疏散模拟的方法对依托工程各火灾场景下的人员疏散安全性进行了评价。论文的研究成果对多出入口城市公路隧道的防灾救援设计具有参考意义。
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate the pressure of urban traffic and improve the function of urban traffic, urban highway tunnel has been widely used in urban traffic construction. Urban highway tunnels have the characteristics of urban traffic, such as the number of entrances and exits, the traffic jams and the heavy traffic, etc., so the probability of fire, the scale of fire, the law of fire development, etc. Smoke flow control and evacuation mode are different from non-urban highway tunnels. Therefore, it is necessary to study the fire of multi-entrance urban highway tunnel. Based on Hangzhou Zizhi Tunnel, this paper systematically analyzes smoke flow control and evacuation mode of multi-entrance urban highway tunnel by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, random simulation and so on. The research results are applied to the supporting engineering. The research work in this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Through the investigation and investigation of the urban highway tunnel fire accident, the characteristics of the city tunnel fire source are analyzed. Combined with theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, the ignition law of various types of vehicles in urban highway tunnel is proved. The random simulation method is used to consider the fire risk and fire frequency comprehensively. The scene of initial ignition fire of multiple entrances and exits of urban highway tunnel is determined. Then through numerical simulation of fire, the fire development law of highway tunnel with multiple entrances and exits is studied, and the development curve of fire scale in tunnel is obtained. 3. Based on the structural characteristics of multi-exit city tunnel with ramp, shaft and horizontal passage, The influence mechanism of different structures on smoke flow diffusion and evacuation is analyzed. The smoke flow control and evacuation mode of multi-entrance city tunnel and the corresponding control standard .4 are obtained, and the partition principle of smoke exhaust zone under the fire condition of multi-entrance urban highway tunnel is put forward. Based on the ventilation network theory, the fan configuration scheme and fan control scheme of fire ventilation system of relying engineering are obtained. The method of FDS fire numerical simulation and personnel evacuation simulation is used to solve the problem. The dispersal safety was evaluated. The research results of this paper have reference significance for disaster prevention and rescue design of multi-entrance city highway tunnel.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U458

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