集装箱码头泊位岸桥协同分配干扰恢复研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 08:17

【摘要】：泊位和岸桥资源是集装箱港口的重要稀缺资源,其调度计划的安排直接影响着码头的服务质量和后方系统的调度和运输计划。高效的泊位和岸桥调度计划是集装箱码头服务质量和竞争力的核心保障。在集装箱码头的日常调度中,外部环境中的不确定性使泊位和岸桥计划受到各种干扰的冲击。如何快速应对日常干扰,迅速做出反应,保持码头日常生产的正常和高效进行,已成为集装箱码头资源调度的一个重要研究课题。针对此问题,本文基于干扰管理理论和集装箱码头泊位和岸桥调度理论提出了集装箱码头日常干扰恢复的方法。首先,基于干扰管理理论,本文采取适应性调度方法进行干扰恢复,即当干扰事件发生后进行动态调度。本文的恢复调整策略主要通过对于泊位和岸桥资源在限定范围内的重新分配实现。同时在重新分配资源的时候,考虑到恢复成本的限制,将新分配的靠泊位置和岸桥数量以一定的概率分布限定在船舶原始最佳靠泊位置以及船舶可用岸桥数量的范围之内;在分配岸桥资源时,为提升计划调整的灵活性,提出岸桥数量可变的动态分配形式,同时为减少频繁岸桥调动带来的成本,本文限定了相邻调度时间区间岸桥的变动数量。另外本文也考虑了抢工船舶速遣带来的正面效益,作为对于成本的一种补偿加入模型中。模型采用双目标规划的形式,同时考虑原始计划目标的维护和恢复成本的最小化,即第一个目标为最小化船舶在港时间和离港时间偏离,第二个目标为最小化恢复成本,包括水平运输成本、操作成本正增加量以及速遣船舶收益。针对以上模型和泊位岸桥调度问题的特性,本文采用了基于吱呀轮优化的启发式算法。利用吱呀轮优化算法解决资源配置问题的高效性,通过调整问题元素的解决顺序,使“瓶颈”问题元素首先得到解决,从而从整体上提高效率和运算效果。最后,本文通过和采取先到先服务准则的调度计划相比较,利用具体的算例验证了算法的有效性,并通过情景模拟,探索延迟船舶数量、损坏岸桥数量、速遣船舶数量等因素对于结果的影响。最后,针对重要的泊位偏离系数和岸桥效率折算系数进行了敏感性分析。本文提出的模型和调度恢复策略可以为码头实际干扰恢复调度提供参考,具有理论和实际意义。
[Abstract]:Berth and shore bridge resources are important scarce resources in container ports. The scheduling plan of berths directly affects the service quality of the terminal and the scheduling and transportation plan of the rear system. Efficient berth and shore-bridge scheduling plan is the core guarantee of container terminal service quality and competitiveness. In the daily dispatching of container terminal, the uncertainty of external environment makes berth and shore bridge plan be impacted by all kinds of interference. How to deal with daily interference quickly and respond quickly to maintain the normal and efficient daily production of container terminal has become an important research topic of container terminal resource scheduling. Aiming at this problem, based on the theory of interference management, berth of container terminal and dispatching theory of shore bridge, this paper puts forward the method of daily disturbance recovery of container terminal. Firstly, based on the theory of interference management, this paper adopts adaptive scheduling method to restore interference, that is, dynamic scheduling when interference events occur. The strategy of restoration adjustment in this paper is mainly realized by reallocating berth and quayside resources within a limited range. At the same time, when redistributing resources, considering the limitation of restoration cost, the newly allocated berthing position and the number of shore bridges are limited to the range of the original optimal berthing position and the number of available shore bridges of the ship with a certain probability distribution. In order to improve the flexibility of planning adjustment, a dynamic allocation form with variable number of quayside bridges is put forward in order to increase the flexibility of planning and adjustment. In order to reduce the cost of frequent bank bridge mobilization, this paper limits the number of changes in the adjacent scheduling time interval. In addition, this paper also considers the positive benefits brought by the rapid dispatch of the snatching ship as a compensation for the cost to be added to the model. The model adopts the form of two-objective programming, considering the maintenance and restoration cost minimization of the original planning objective, that is, the first objective is to minimize the deviation of the ship's time in port and departure time, and the second objective is to minimize the recovery cost. Including horizontal transport costs, the positive increase in operating costs and prompt shipping revenue. In view of the above model and the characteristics of berth bridge scheduling problem, a heuristic algorithm based on wheel-crunching optimization is adopted in this paper. The efficiency of the resource allocation problem is solved by using the squeaky wheel optimization algorithm. By adjusting the solution order of the problem elements, the "bottleneck" problem element can be solved first, thus improving the efficiency and the operation effect as a whole. Finally, by comparing the scheduling plan with the first-come first served criterion, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by a concrete example, and the number of delayed ships and damaged shore bridges are explored by scenario simulation. The effect of factors such as the number of ships sent on the result. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the important berth deviation coefficient and the efficiency conversion coefficient is carried out. The model and scheduling recovery strategy presented in this paper can provide a reference for the actual disturbance recovery and dispatch of wharf, which is of theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U691.3

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