城市公共交通网络演化研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 14:51

【摘要】：城市公共交通网络逐步发展为公交与轨道交通网络为核心,多种交通方式并存的复杂网络系统。本文基于复杂网络理论的方法与思路,引用系统动力学和平均场理论,深入探讨了城市公共交通网络演化机理,结合公共交通实际建设发展特点构建了新型网络演化模型,在城市公共交通网络演化的深入研究方面做了以下有益尝试。首先从网络形态的角度,将城市公共交通网络的演化划分为主干网络、交织网络和混合网络三个发展阶段。再结合系统动力学原理,从网络内部结构的角度,分析了城市公共交通网络演化影响因素,包含公共交通需求、公共交通供给、交通多样性发展和网络内部优化四个方面,通过研究不同因素之间的因果关系,得到了公共交通需求与经济的负反馈链,公共交通供给与经济的正反馈链。由此构建了城市公共交通网络演化基于不同影响因素随时间变化的动力学演化模型。之后,沿用了经典WS小世界模型和BA模型的构建思路和方法,结合城市公共交通网络实际演化过程中的特点,提出了节点连接域和节点间混合连接两个演化机制,构建了基于连接域混合连接的网络演化模型。应用系统动力学和平均场理论,推导了网络演化模型下度分布的表达式,利用Pajek进行进一步解析分析,随着网络规模不断增长,网络度分布曲线由幂律函数逐步演变为指数函数,体现网络是由内部结构不均衡逐步向网络稳态进行演化发展,并对稳态网络做了进一步阐述分析。最后,以上海、广州、香港三大城市的公共交通网络为研究对象,先分别研究了公交网络、轨道交通网络度分布曲线,并结合近十年公交网络线路数量与轨道交通网络平均度的变化趋势,发现公共交通网络规模不断扩大的同时,也在进行内部结优化。再基于公交与轨道交通网络的实际换乘关系提出了连接网络结构模型,定义了连接网络奇异度的概念及其计算方法,经实证研究,奇异度分布曲线呈指数分布,体现了连接网络的演化具有随机性。通过对比分析实证数据与模型拟合结果,阐述了连接网络逐步向稳态网络演化的实际过程,为城市公共交通网络规划发展提供了合理化建议。
[Abstract]:The urban public transport network has gradually developed into a complex network system, which is the core of the bus and the rail transit network. In this paper, based on the methods and ideas of the complex network theory, the system dynamics and the mean field theory are quoted. The evolution mechanism of urban public transportation network is deeply discussed, and the development and development of public transportation are combined with the construction of public transportation. The characteristics of the new network evolution model are constructed, and the following beneficial attempts have been made in the in-depth study of urban public transport network evolution. First, from the perspective of network morphology, the evolution of urban public transport network is divided into three stages of development: the backbone network, interlaced network and mixed network. The influence factors of urban public transport network evolution are analyzed, including four aspects: public transportation demand, public transport supply, traffic diversity development and network internal optimization. Through the study of the causal relationship between different factors, the negative feedback chain of public transportation demand and economy is obtained, and public transportation supply and economy are provided. The evolution model of urban public transport network evolution based on different influence factors with time is constructed. After that, the ideas and methods of constructing the classic WS small world model and BA model are used, and the node connection domain and the inter node mix are put forward in combination with the characteristics of the actual evolution process of urban public traffic network. In conjunction with two evolutionary mechanisms, a network evolution model based on the hybrid connection domain is constructed. The expression of degree distribution under the network evolution model is derived by applying the system dynamics and the mean field theory, and the analysis is further analyzed with Pajek. With the increasing network scale, the network degree distribution curve evolves gradually from power law function to the network evolution model. The exponential function shows that the network is gradually evolving from internal structure imbalance to network steady state, and the steady state network is further expounded and analyzed. Finally, the public transport network of three cities in Shanghai, Guangzhou and Hongkong are studied. The bus network, the network degree distribution curve of the rail transit network are first studied, and nearly ten are combined. The change trend of the number of public transport network lines and the average degree of the rail transit network has been found in the continuous expansion of the public transport network, and the internal knot optimization is also carried out. Based on the actual transfer relationship between the bus and the rail transit network, the connection network structure model is put forward, and the concept of the connection network strange degree and its computing side are defined. On the basis of empirical study, the curve of singularity distribution shows exponential distribution, which reflects the randomness of the evolution of the connection network. By comparing and analyzing the results of the empirical data and model fitting, the actual process of the gradual evolution of the connection network to the steady state network is expounded, which provides a rationalization proposal for the development of urban public transport network planning.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.17

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