桥梁墩柱车撞冲击谱研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 15:12

【摘要】：在现代交通运输过程中,车辆与桥梁墩柱的碰撞事故时有发生。目前在各国桥梁设计规范中,车辆撞击桥梁墩柱的撞击力均被等效为静力荷载,这种等效方法忽略了车辆撞击所产生的动力效应。在科研方面,使用非线性有限单元法研究车辆撞击桥梁墩柱的动力时程响应已成为一种主流,但这种分析方法耗时费力,在工程界难以得到广泛使用。借鉴桥梁抗震研究中地震动反应谱的概念,本文提出了桥梁墩柱车撞荷载冲击谱的统计分类、计算方法和应用建议,以期建立介于静力法和动力时程分析法之间的桥梁车撞冲击谱计算方法,主要研究内容及成果包括以下部分:(1)根据我国道路车辆分类标准,将车辆归纳选择为7种类型,建立7类车辆的精细化有限元模型,每种车辆以9种不同速度正面撞击刚性墙,采用63种工况作为分析研究汽车碰撞力数据的主要来源。计算模型中充分考虑车辆与刚性墙的接触、车轮与地面的接触以及车辆各部件之间的连接整合。(2)数值模拟车辆撞击刚性墙的动态过程,计算撞击力时程曲线,对各类车辆不同速度下撞击力峰值的分布规律进行拟合,得出各类车辆撞击力峰值与速度的数学表达式。(3)参照地震动反应谱的概念,提出桥梁墩柱车撞冲击谱的计算方法。采用结构动力学中谱分析的方法,求解车辆撞击力动态荷载作用下单自由度体系的位移,计算位移放大系数并探索位移放大系数与结构周期之间的分布规律。通过数学方法对周期-位移放大系数曲线进行拟合,得出桥梁墩柱车撞力冲击谱的数学表达式,并提出了桥梁墩柱车撞冲击谱方法的应用建议。本文提出的桥梁车撞冲击谱计算方法和计算函数是探索性的初步研究成果,对于桥梁车撞设计具有重要的理论指导意义和广泛的工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:In the process of modern transportation, collision accidents between vehicles and bridge piers occur from time to time. At present, the impact force of vehicle impacting bridge pier column is equivalent to static load in the design code of bridge all over the world. This equivalent method ignores the dynamic effect caused by vehicle impact. In the aspect of scientific research, the nonlinear finite element method is used to study the dynamic time-history response of the bridge pier column, but this method is time-consuming and laborious, so it is difficult to be widely used in the engineering field. Based on the concept of ground motion response spectrum in seismic research of bridges, the statistical classification, calculation method and application suggestion of impact spectrum of vehicle impact load on bridge pier column are put forward in this paper. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) according to the classification standards of road vehicles in China, the vehicles are classified into seven types. The fine finite element model of 7 kinds of vehicles is established. Each vehicle impacts the rigid wall with 9 different speeds and 63 working conditions are adopted as the main source of the data for the analysis and research of the vehicle collision force. The contact between the vehicle and the rigid wall, the contact between the wheel and the ground, and the connection integration between the components of the vehicle are fully considered in the calculation model. (2) the dynamic process of the vehicle hitting the rigid wall is simulated numerically, and the time-history curve of the impact force is calculated. By fitting the distribution law of the impact force peak value at different vehicle speeds, the mathematical expressions of the impact force peak value and velocity are obtained. (3) with reference to the concept of ground motion response spectrum, the calculation method of the collision impact spectrum of the bridge pier column vehicle is put forward. The method of spectrum analysis in structural dynamics is used to solve the displacement of the system of order degree of freedom issued by the dynamic load of vehicle impact force. The displacement magnification factor is calculated and the distribution law between displacement magnification factor and structural cycle is explored. By fitting the period displacement magnification coefficient curve by mathematical method, the mathematical expression of impact spectrum of vehicle impact force on bridge pier column is obtained, and the application suggestion of impact spectrum method for bridge pier column vehicle is put forward. The calculation method and calculation function of the impact spectrum of bridge vehicle collision proposed in this paper are preliminary results of exploratory research and have important theoretical significance and extensive engineering application value for bridge vehicle collision design.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U443.22;U446

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