LNG燃料船采用槽车加注的定量风险评估

发布时间：2018-08-12 11:29

【摘要】：在LNG燃料船的试点阶段,普遍采用槽车为其加注LNG燃料。为有效评估LNG槽车在码头加注作业的风险,特选定一艘LNG燃料拖轮,对其在加注过程中的风险进行了评估:①结合实际加注系统和作业条件,辨识出加注过程中的主要风险源,并对LNG泄漏后的灾害进行事件树分析,列出危险场景的发生概率和死亡概率;②收集加注码头的历史水文资料,利用伯努利方程计算LNG持续泄漏速率;③采用三维计算流体力学软件FLACS进行泄漏后果模拟,包括低温重气扩散和火灾,计算出各种危险场景的个人风险值。根据个人风险接受准则的评判,LNG燃料拖轮在码头采用槽车加注作业的个人风险值基本上处于可接受的范围,但在加注过程中应注意以下危险源:①加注作业的最小安全间距为89 m,在该范围内应避免着火源存在;②集液盘池火的波及范围为13 m,在该范围内尽量减少人员逗留;③加注过程中软管、阀件和接头等部件易发生破裂,应加强安全防范措施。
[Abstract]:In the pilot phase of LNG fuel ship, the tank car is generally used to add LNG fuel. In order to effectively evaluate the risk of LNG tanker filling operation in wharf, a LNG fuel tug is selected, and the risk in the course of filling is evaluated. The main risk sources in the filling process are identified by combining with the actual filling system and operating conditions. The event tree analysis of the disaster after LNG leakage is carried out, and the occurrence probability and death probability of dangerous scene are listed. The historical hydrological data of the filling wharf are collected, and the continuous leakage rate of LNG is calculated by Bernoulli equation. 3Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics software FLACS was used to simulate the leakage consequences, including low-temperature heavy gas diffusion and fire, and the personal risk values of various dangerous scenarios were calculated. According to the individual risk acceptance criteria, the personal risk value of LNG fuel tugs using tank car filling operations at the wharf is basically within an acceptable range. However, in the process of injection, the minimum safe distance of the following danger source: 1: 1 is 89 m, and the fire source should be avoided in this range. The spread range of the fire is 13 m, and the personnel stay in this range should be reduced as much as possible. 3 the hose, valve and joint are prone to rupture during injection, and safety precautions should be strengthened.
【作者单位】：中国船级社武汉规范研究所;武汉理工大学能源与动力工程学院;中海油能源发展股份有限公司采油服务分公司;
【分类号】：U698

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