公路隧道内主动降噪声场研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 13:25

【摘要】：针对公路长大隧道内噪声声压级超过90dB,且目前多采用降噪路面或隧道壁喷涂吸声材料进行被动降噪的现状,基于声波干涉原理尝试对高速公路隧道进行主动降噪。为了确定公路隧道内主动降噪技术的适用条件、实现方法和降噪效果,采用理论推导和有限元仿真相结合的方法,构建了沥青混凝土路面公路隧道内主动降噪声场模型,在隧道尺寸和噪声源位置确定的情况下,模拟分析噪声源频率、主动声源位置等因素对隧道声场降噪效果的影响,并将模拟结果与现场实际隧道主动降噪试验结果进行对比。结果表明:确定了噪声源位置和降噪区域后,根据所提出的噪声源、主动声源和降噪位置的空间关系式,以及主动声源应位于隧道断面中轴线上、运输车辆限高要求等因素,可以确定使需降噪区域实现最佳降噪效果的主动声源摆放位置;噪声频率越低降噪效果越好,主动降噪技术对100Hz左右的沥青混凝土路面公路隧道噪声降噪效果显著;噪声频率为125Hz时,在隧道断面中轴线上沿纵向每隔3m布置一台主动声源,可在工人检查走行区域的人耳高度处实现横向宽1m、纵向长2m的区域降噪,该区域降噪幅度为3~8dB;研究成果可为高速公路隧道内的主动降噪提供参考。
[Abstract]:In view of the fact that the noise pressure level in highway tunnel is more than 90 dB, and the noise reduction is mostly carried out by spraying absorbing materials on road surface or tunnel wall at present, based on the principle of acoustic wave interference, the active noise reduction of highway tunnel is attempted. In order to determine the applicable condition of the active noise reduction technology in highway tunnel, the method and effect of noise reduction are realized, and the sound field model of active noise reduction in asphalt concrete road tunnel is constructed by combining theoretical derivation and finite element simulation. With the determination of tunnel size and noise source location, the effects of noise source frequency and active sound source location on the noise reduction effect of tunnel sound field are simulated and analyzed, and the simulation results are compared with the actual tunnel active noise reduction test results. The results show that after the noise source location and noise reduction area are determined, according to the proposed spatial relationship between the noise source, the active sound source and the noise reduction position, the active sound source should be located on the central axis of the tunnel section, and the height limit of the transport vehicle is required, and so on. It is possible to determine the location of the active sound source to achieve the best noise reduction effect in the region where the noise reduction is needed; the lower the noise frequency the better the noise reduction effect. The active noise reduction technology has a remarkable effect on the noise reduction of the asphalt concrete road tunnel around 100Hz. When the noise frequency is 125Hz, an active sound source is arranged along the axial line of the tunnel cross section every three meters. The noise reduction can be realized at the height of the ear of the worker checking the walking area with a transverse width of 1 m and a longitudinal length of 2 m. The range of noise reduction in this area is 3 ~ 8 dB, which can be used as a reference for active noise reduction in highway tunnels.
【作者单位】：北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院;北京交通大学轨道工程北京市重点实验室;中交铁道设计研究总院有限公司;
【基金】：交通运输部建设科技项目(2011 318 315 1400)
【分类号】：U453.82

【参考文献】