考虑碳排放权交易的纯电动公交车经济调度策略研究
发布时间：2018-08-18 17:09
【摘要】：汽车工业的发展给人们的生活带来极大便利的同时也带来了严重的环境污染,世界各国把推广公共交通事业作为解决这一问题的重要手段。公交车在现代城市公共交通系统中占有很大比例,但传统能源公交车排放的尾气成为城市空气污染物的重要来源。纯电动公交车以其在行驶过程中平稳、噪音低、“零排放”等优点受到了广泛的青睐。但是如果考虑全生命周期中产生于电力生产过程的温室气体排放,纯电动公交车在运营中的碳排放量远未达到所谓的“零排放”标准。因此,制定合理的经济调度方案,实现纯电动公交车运营过程中的碳减排量最大化,对于正确制定新能源公交车推广与运营政策,缓解我国城市交通拥堵和环境恶化的现状,具有重要的现实意义。本文回顾了各类新能源公交车,特别是纯电动公交车的技术特点。根据国家发改委发布的“国家温室气体自愿减排方法学”,探讨了纯电动公交车项目碳减排量的核算方法,并提出一种考虑碳收益的公交车综合成本计算方法。本文在分析单线调度的基础上,重点研究了纯电动公交车的区域调度模式,并以运营车辆数最小化、空驶距离最小化、碳收益最大化为目标,建立了一类考虑碳收益的纯电动公交车区域调度多目标优化模型。本文以淄博市136路和139路纯电动公交车实际运营数据为基础,根据模型特点,运用改进的粒子群算法求解了纯电动公交车区域调度问题。通过对单线调度和区域调度综合运营成本的比较表明,在成本目标函数中引入碳收益之后可以减少纯电动公交车运营成本,减少的程度取决于碳交易的价格;采用区域调度模式在减少车辆使用数量的同时,会增加一部分空驶里程,但是由于空驶成本相对来说较小,车辆成本减少的部分能够抵消空驶里程增加的成本。总体而言,在考虑碳收益的前提下纯电动公交车采用区域调度模式具有较好经济性,更加有利于纯电动公交车的推广。
[Abstract]:The development of automobile industry not only brings great convenience to people's life, but also brings serious environmental pollution. Countries all over the world take the promotion of public transportation as an important means to solve this problem. Buses account for a large proportion of modern urban public transport systems, but the exhaust emissions from traditional energy buses have become an important source of urban air pollutants. Pure electric bus is favored for its advantages of smooth running, low noise, zero emission and so on. But taking into account the greenhouse gas emissions generated in the entire life cycle of electricity production, the operating carbon emissions of pure electric buses fall far short of the so-called "zero emission" standard. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a reasonable economic scheduling scheme to maximize the carbon emission reduction in the operation of pure electric buses, to correctly formulate the promotion and operation policies of new energy buses, and to alleviate the current situation of urban traffic congestion and environmental degradation in China. It has important practical significance. This paper reviews the technical characteristics of various new energy buses, especially pure electric buses. According to the National greenhouse Gas voluntary emission reduction methodology issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, this paper discusses the calculation method of carbon abatement in pure electric bus projects, and puts forward a comprehensive cost calculation method for buses considering carbon benefits. Based on the analysis of single line scheduling, this paper focuses on the regional dispatching mode of pure electric bus, and aims at minimizing the number of vehicles, minimizing the empty distance and maximizing the carbon benefits. A multi-objective optimization model for regional dispatching of pure electric buses considering carbon benefits is established. Based on the actual operation data of 136 and 139 pure electric buses in Zibo city and according to the characteristics of the model, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the regional scheduling problem of pure electric buses. By comparing the cost of single line dispatching and regional dispatching, it is shown that the cost of pure electric bus can be reduced by introducing carbon gains into the cost objective function, and the degree of reduction depends on the price of carbon trading. Using the regional dispatching mode can reduce the number of vehicles and increase some of the empty mileage, but because the empty driving cost is relatively small, some of the vehicle cost reduction can offset the cost of the increase of the empty driving distance. On the whole, it is more economical to adopt the regional dispatching mode on the premise of carbon revenue, which is more beneficial to the promotion of pure electric bus.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17
本文编号：2190128
[Abstract]:The development of automobile industry not only brings great convenience to people's life, but also brings serious environmental pollution. Countries all over the world take the promotion of public transportation as an important means to solve this problem. Buses account for a large proportion of modern urban public transport systems, but the exhaust emissions from traditional energy buses have become an important source of urban air pollutants. Pure electric bus is favored for its advantages of smooth running, low noise, zero emission and so on. But taking into account the greenhouse gas emissions generated in the entire life cycle of electricity production, the operating carbon emissions of pure electric buses fall far short of the so-called "zero emission" standard. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a reasonable economic scheduling scheme to maximize the carbon emission reduction in the operation of pure electric buses, to correctly formulate the promotion and operation policies of new energy buses, and to alleviate the current situation of urban traffic congestion and environmental degradation in China. It has important practical significance. This paper reviews the technical characteristics of various new energy buses, especially pure electric buses. According to the National greenhouse Gas voluntary emission reduction methodology issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, this paper discusses the calculation method of carbon abatement in pure electric bus projects, and puts forward a comprehensive cost calculation method for buses considering carbon benefits. Based on the analysis of single line scheduling, this paper focuses on the regional dispatching mode of pure electric bus, and aims at minimizing the number of vehicles, minimizing the empty distance and maximizing the carbon benefits. A multi-objective optimization model for regional dispatching of pure electric buses considering carbon benefits is established. Based on the actual operation data of 136 and 139 pure electric buses in Zibo city and according to the characteristics of the model, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the regional scheduling problem of pure electric buses. By comparing the cost of single line dispatching and regional dispatching, it is shown that the cost of pure electric bus can be reduced by introducing carbon gains into the cost objective function, and the degree of reduction depends on the price of carbon trading. Using the regional dispatching mode can reduce the number of vehicles and increase some of the empty mileage, but because the empty driving cost is relatively small, some of the vehicle cost reduction can offset the cost of the increase of the empty driving distance. On the whole, it is more economical to adopt the regional dispatching mode on the premise of carbon revenue, which is more beneficial to the promotion of pure electric bus.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 王任;曲卫迎;;无线充电技术及其在电动汽车上的应用初探[J];科技创新导报;2010年29期
，本文编号：2190128
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