复合材料防撞护舷结构设计与应用

发布时间：2018-08-24 08:40

【摘要】：以复合材料防撞护舷为研究对象,采用有限元法对不同船艏形状的船桥碰撞动力学特性进行研究,为桥梁防撞护舷结构的合理设计提供理论依据。首先通过对防撞护舷试样的碰撞试验与有限元计算结果进行对比,来完善防撞护舷的有限元模型;然后设计了D型和L型防撞护舷,并在ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件平台上对1000 t楔形船艏船、3000 t球鼻形船艏船与两种结构型式防撞护舷的碰撞特性进行仿真模拟,获得了碰撞过程中碰撞力、变形能及撞深等时域响应特性。通过比较两种护舷结构型式对船艏形状不同的适应性,发现D型护舷对楔形船艏船防护效果较好,对球鼻形船艏船防护不起作用;L型护舷对两种形状船艏船消能效果均较好,起到了保护桥梁和船舶的作用。在实际工程中需考虑多种因素的影响,综合比较后选用最为合理的防撞护舷结构型式。目前L型防撞护舷已应用于港珠澳大桥桥墩的防护工程中,有效地解决了船桥碰撞带来的破坏风险,为复合材料防撞护舷的推广使用提供了重要的指导作用。
[Abstract]:Taking the composite collision fender as the research object, the dynamic characteristics of ship bridge collision with different bow shapes are studied by using finite element method, which provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable design of the bridge collision fender structure. Firstly, the finite element model of collision fender is improved by comparing the results of collision test and finite element calculation, and then D type and L type anti-collision fender are designed. The collision characteristics of 1000 t wedge-shaped bow ship with 3000t spherical nose bow ship and two kinds of structural anti-collision fenders are simulated on the platform of ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. The time-domain response characteristics such as collision force, deformation energy and depth of collision are obtained. By comparing the adaptability of the two types of fender structure to different bow shapes, it is found that D fender has better protection effect on wedge-shaped bow ship, while it has no effect on bulbous bow ship. The L-type fender has better energy dissipation effect on both shapes of bow ship. It protects bridges and ships. Considering the influence of many factors in practical engineering, the most reasonable structure type of collision fender is selected after comprehensive comparison. At present, L-type anti-collision fender has been applied to the protection engineering of pier of HongKong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, which effectively solves the damage risk caused by collision of ship and bridge, and provides important guidance for the popularization and application of composite anti-collision fender.
【作者单位】：同济大学航空航天与力学学院;上海第二工业大学工学部;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目(11032009);国家自然科学基金(51075303)
【分类号】：U443.26

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